Unit 3.1: Energy in Ecosystems Flashcards
Define ecosystems.
Organisms living in a particular habitat and non-living components with which the organisms interact
Define community.
Living organisms in a habitat or ecosystem
Define habitat.
A place where organisms live
Define biodiversity.
The range of species present
Define species.
A group of organisms which can inbreed and make fertile young
Define population.
Total number of 1 type of species in a ecosystem
Define niche.
A role that organisms plays in a community
Define producer.
A green plant which makes its own food from sunlight
Define consumer.
An animal that must gain energy from eating other organisms
Define herbivore.
A plant eating animal
Define omnivore.
A plant and meat eating animal.
Define carnivore.
A meat eating animal
Define predator.
An animal that hunts and kills prey
Define prey.
An animal that gets hunted and killed
When will competition occur?
When 1 resource is in short.
What resources do plants need?
Light
Water
Nutrients
Space
What resources do animals need?
Food
Water
Shelter
Mates
Define interspecific competition.
Competition between different species for 1 or more resources
Define intraspecific competition.
Competition between the same species for the exact same resources.
What competition is more intense and why?
Intraspecific because they’re competing for all the exact same things
What do the arrows in a food chain show?
The direction of energy flow
What is a food web?
Many interlocking and independent food chains
Name 3 ways in which energy is lost in the food chain.
Body heat
Movement
Undigested material
What does a pyramid of numbers represent?
The relative number of organisms present at each level in a food chain.
Give examples of certain circumstances under which the pyramid form is irregular.
Diagrams that have trees as producers or parasites
What does pyramid energy represent?
The relative total energy at each level
How do you calculate the percentage in food chains?
% = (value/total) x 100
How do you calculate the value in food chains?
Value = (total/100) x %
