Unit 2.1: Producing New Cells Flashcards
What is the chomosome complement?
The whole set of chromosomes present in the nucleus
Describe what is meant by a diploid cell.
2 matching sets of chromosomes
Give examples of diploid cells.
Human chromosome
State the purpose of the structure of mitosis.
cell repairing and growth
Describe the structure of a chromosome just before mitosis but after its been replicated.
2 chromatids joined by a centromere
Explain the process of mitosis.
DNA condenses
DNA then replicates and the nucleus membrane has dissolved
The chromosomes then line up and the equator and are held together by spindle fibres.
The spindle fibres pull on the chromatids and the chromosomes move to opposite poles
The nuclear membrane reforms around the chromosomes and then the cytoplasm starts dividing
2 daughter cells are then produced
State the type of organisms where stem cells are found.
Animals
State 3 features of stem cells.
Unspecialised
Can divide in orfer to self-renew
Have the potential to become different types of cells
State what the body uses stem cells for.
Growth and reparing
Name the 2 types of stem cells.
Very early embryo
Tissue
State where you find embryo cells.
From an embryo at its very early stages
State where you find tissues cells.
Throughout the body
Define unspecialised cells.
Cells that have the potential to develop into many different types of cells
What are multicellular organisms made of?
Tissue and organs
Define cell specialisation.
A cell that changes to complete its role efficiently and effectively.
