Unit 2.6: Transport Animals

Question 1

State the role of the plasma in the blood of mammals.

Answer 1

To transport nuterients and carbon dioxide

Question 2

State the role of the red blood cells in the blood of mammals.

Answer 2

To transport oxygen

Question 3

Describe three ways red blood cells are specialised.

Answer 3

Contains haemoglobin
Have no nucleus to maximise haemoglobin content
Being bioconcave in shape maximises the surface area in order to absorb as much oxygen as possible

Question 4

Describe how raw red blood cells transport oxygen efficiently.

Answer 4

Because haemoglobin binds to oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin

Question 5

What is the equation to form oxyhaemoglobin?

Answer 5

Oxygen + haemoglobin -> oxyhaemoglobin

Question 6

State the role of white blood cells.

Answer 6

Destroying pathogens

Question 7

Describe what a pathogen is.

Answer 7

Disease causing micro-organisms such as bacteria

Question 8

Name 3 types of pathogen

Answer 8

Bacteria
Fungi
Viruses

Question 9

Describe the role of the pathogens.

Answer 9

To carry out phagocytosis which engulfs pathogen

Question 10

Describe the process of phagocytosis.

Answer 10

Pathogen is engulfed by the cell membrane into the cell where it is digested by enzymes

Question 11

Describe the role of the lymphocytes.

Answer 11

To produce antibodies which attaches to and estroyes pathpgens

Question 12

Describe oxygenated blood.

Answer 12

Blood that has come from the heart and is full of oxygen

Question 13

Describe what is meant by ‘each antibody is specific to a paticular pathogen’

Answer 13

They have specific shapes which allow the antibody to attach to the pathogen if they match.

Question 14

Describe deoxygenated blood.

Answer 14

Blood that has delivered the blood and is going back towards

Question 15

What is the function of the vena cava?

Answer 15

Delivers deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Question 16

What is the function of the right atrium?

Answer 16

Recieve blood from other parts of the body

Question 17

What is the function of the right ventricle?

Answer 17

To pump blood to the lungs

Question 18

What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

Answer 18

Take deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Question 19

What is the function of the left atrium?

Answer 19

Recieves blood from from the lungs

Question 20

What is the function of the left ventricle?

Answer 20

Pumps blood to other parts of the body

Question 21

What is the function of the aorta?

Answer 21

carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle and branches from the aorta pass blood away from hert to the other parts of the body

Question 22

What is the function of the valves?

Answer 22

To prevent blood flowing backwards

Question 23

What is the function of the coronary arteries?

Answer 23

To supply heart muscle with oxygen

Question 24

What is the function of the artery?

Answer 24

To carry blood under high pressure away from the heart

Question 25

Describe the structure of an artery.

Answer 25

Thick
Muscular wall
Narrow cental channel

Question 26

What is the function of the vein?

Answer 26

To carry blood under low pressure back to the heart

Question 27

What is the function of the capillary?

Answer 27

To form a network at tissues and organ to allow efficient exchange of material between the blood and body cel;s

Question 28

Describe the structure of an vein.

Answer 28

Thinner walls
wider central channel
valves

Question 29

Describe the structure of a capillary.

Answer 29

smallest and most nu