Unit 3 Weekly Quiz reviews Flashcards
Under fasting conditions, acetyl CoA carboxylase will be inhibited by an increase in what compound?
Palmitoyl coA
During FA synthesis, after the initial step involving acetyl CoA, the FA chain is elongated by the addition of what compound?
Malonyl CoA
THe process of keotgenesis refers to the conversion of acetyl CoA to what two compounds ?
Beta hydroxybutyrate
Acetoacetate
What protein is responsible for the transfer of ApoB48 to nascent chylomicrons before secretion into blood?
Microsomal transfer protein (MTP)
The transport of newly synthesized FA to the adipose requires Carnitine to shuttle the FA out of the mitochondria. True or False?
False
What is the primary component of VLDL?
Triacylglycerols
Shortly after a meal high in fat, you would expect an elevation of what lipoprotein in circulation?
Chylomicrons
During the fasted stat, lipolysis is facilitated by the action of hormone sensitive lipase. this enzyme requires what post-translational modification for activation?
Phosphorylation
What is the regluated step of FA synthesis in Eukaryotes?
Carboxylation of Acetyl coA
LCAT esterifies cholesterol. This process is required for what process?
To trap cholesterol in HDL particles
Secondary bile salts are generated by bacterial modification of primary bile salts in the intestinal lumen. What will these modifications do to the solubillity of bile salts?
Decrease solubility
What is the regulatory enzyme for cholesterol synthesis ?
HMG-CoA reductase
A deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in what ?
Decrease in intracellular cholesterol
Under cellular conditions, when cholesterol is low, what will the Sterol response element binding protein (SREBP) be doing?
It will be associated with the sterol response element (SRE) in the DNA (for making more endogenous cholesterol)
The uptake of LDL increases intracellular cholesterol levels. This will ______ degradation of HMG-CoA reductase.
increase
What lipoprotein is responsible for the transport of peripheral tissues?
LDL
HDL particles are characterized by the presence of which apoprotein ?
ApoA
Under fasting conditions, glucagon is elevated, what enzyme will be phosphorylated and inactive?
HMG-CoA-reductase
HDL particles and VLDL particles exchange cholesterol ester for TG. What enzyme is responsible for this?
Cholesterol Ester transfer protein (CETP)
What term is used to describe macrophages filled with oxLDL?
Foam cells
What do Statin drugs inhibit to inhibit cholesterol synthesis ?
HMG-CoA reductase
HMG CoA reductase will _______ the first commited step in ______ biosynthesis .
catalyze
cholesterol
What lipoprotein is responsible for transport of FA synthesized de novo in the liver?
VLDL
The two major processes to maintain blood glucose are
GNG
Hepatic Glycogenolysis
What is the regulated step of FA synthesis in eukaryotes?
Carboxylation of acetyl CoA
Under fasted conditions, (glucagon is elevated), what enzyme will be phosphorylated and inactivated in cholesterol synthesis?
HMGCoA reductase
Adiponectin is secreted from adipocytes. One of the primary roles of adiponectin is to activate the MAPK pathway in skeletal muscle which enhances the activity of what pathway?
Beta Oxidation
What hormone initiates skeletal muscle catabolism to priovide substrate for GNG?
Cortisol (stimulated release)
True or false:
Under conditions of starvation, AMP kinase will be active.
True
True or False:
Under conditions of starvation, Malonyl CoA will be elevated.
False
