Unit 3 - Topic 3

Question 1

Acidic

Answer 1

Having a pH value less than 7

Question 2

Basic

Answer 2

Having a pH level more than seven

Question 3

Acid

Answer 3

A chemical that produces an acidic substance

Question 4

Base

Answer 4

A chemical that produces a basic substance

Question 5

Acid properties

Answer 5

• sour
• sticky
• turn litmus red
• react with bases and metals
• conducts electricity
• react with hydrogen

Question 6

Base properties

Answer 6

• bitter
• slippery
• turn litmus blue
• react with acids

Question 7

Phosphoric acid

Answer 7

• fertilizers detergents, pharmaceuticals
• cheeses, jellies, jams, carbonated beverages
• anything with tangy flavour

Question 8

Sulphuric acid

Answer 8

• car battery
• paints and dyes
• refining oil and gas
• production of synthetic textiles

Question 9

Sodium hydroxide

Answer 9

• component of household and industrial cleaners
• bleaching agents for paper
• fixatives in textile dying
• solvents in making of electronic circuit boards
• reagent in film processing

Question 10

Aluminum hydroxide

Answer 10

• antacid tablets

Question 11

Sulphuric acid important cause

Answer 11

Can estimate countries’ industrial activity by looking at volume of it used by countries

Question 12

Litmus

Answer 12

Mixture of plant compounds extracted from lichens

Question 13

Indicator

Answer 13

Chemical that changes colour to indicate whether substance acid or base

Question 14

Litmus colour when neutral

Answer 14

Pink

Question 15

Lemon/vinegar on fish

Answer 15

Fish contains compound that’s basic

Question 16

Power in pH is

Answer 16

Power of ten scientific notation

Question 17

pH scale

Answer 17

Way of comparing relative alkalinity and acidity of substance

Question 18

pH paper

Answer 18

Paper saturated with chemical to show whether substance basic or acidic

Question 19

pH

Answer 19

Power of hydrogen
Refers to formation of hydrogen atoms that have lost an electron
5.3 ten times more acidic than 6.3
4.7 100 times more acidic than 6.7

Question 20

Rhododendron flourish in

Answer 20

Moist acidic environments

pH of 5 best

Question 21

Wheat, maize

Answer 21

Drier conditions

pH 7/8 best

Question 22

Oxides of carbon, nitrogen, soulful produced by

Answer 22

Burning of organic materials reacting with moisture in air

Question 23

Acid precipitation

Answer 23

Acid compounds washed out of air by rain/snow may be deposited far away from source

Question 24

Acid rain/snow looks, fells, tastes

Answer 24

Normal

Question 25

Acid precipitation $/yr

Answer 25

1 billion

Question 26

Acid rain can …

Answer 26

Destroy aquatic ecosystems of lakes, streams Reduces crop productivity Harms other vegetation Accelerates decay of buildings, structures, monuments

Question 27

Acid rain/Italy

Answer 27

Covered famous marble statues with transparent cases filled with inert gases erected around to prevent damage

Question 28

50%

Answer 28

Acid precipitation affecting eastern Cad from US | Issue in political discussions between Canada and US since 1970s

Question 29

David Schindler/2001

Answer 29

Ualberta Won one of largest science prizes on continent Research on acid precipitation and impact of phosphorus-based detergents on world freshwater supply $1-million Gerhard Herzberg Canad Gold Medal for Science and Engineering

Question 30

1996

Answer 30

Cad and US agreed to reduce exhaust emissions by 19% by 2000 | Exhaust emissions from cars built before 1998 reduced by 60%

Question 31

Terrestrial ecosystems/acid precipitation

Answer 31

Acid dissolved mineral nutrients and allows them to be leached or washed away Nutrient-poor soil Poorer growing conditions Heavy metals (4.0 g/mL) washed into streams and water supplies

Question 32

Heavy metals

Answer 32

Lead Mercury Cadmium Nickel

Question 33

Liming

Answer 33

Process of adding calcium carbonate to environment | Helps neutralize acidic lakes

Question 34

Acid-base neutralization

Answer 34

Combining of acid and base to produce salt and water

Question 35

Canadian lakes/acid precipitation

Answer 35

After ice age debris left in form of rocks ended up at bottom of lakes Rocks contain lots of calcium carbonate Acid precipitation not big effect because of rocks in water

Question 36

Calcium carbonate source

Answer 36

Limestone

Question 37

Liming needs what to be done

Answer 37

Aircraft

Question 38

Liming limited success

Answer 38

- rivers, streams constantly feed acidified water into lakes - lakes have to be continuously lined - 140 000/150 000 lakes - expensive - impractical

Question 39

Catalytic converters

Answer 39

Device that encourages complete oxidization during combustion

Question 40

Catalyst

Answer 40

Substance that speeds up chemical reaction without being used in reaction

Question 41

Cataplectic converters work best when

Answer 41

Catalysts warmed up Takes about 90 s 70% pollutants in car cycle released during 90 s tho