Unit 3 - Topic 2

Question 1

Pesticides

Answer 1

Chemicals used to control “pests”

Question 2

Types of pesticides

Answer 2

• herbicides
• insecticides
• fungicides

Question 3

Insecticides

Answer 3

Control insect pests

Question 4

Herbicides

Answer 4

Control weeds

Question 5

Fungicides

Answer 5

Control fungus pests

Question 6

Citronella candles and Quito coils

Answer 6

Keep mosquitoes away

Question 7

Fielder in and DDT

Answer 7

Chemical sprays
Kill insects
Raised unforeseen consequences

Question 8

DDT inventor

Answer 8

Paul Hermann Müller

Swiss chemist

Question 9

Typhus

Answer 9

Disease transmitted by lice

Question 10

Typhus facts

Answer 10

Threatened 1.3 million troops toward end of WWII

Wiped out Napoleons Grand Army on retreat from Russia in 1800s

Question 11

DDT/Typhus

Answer 11

Removed typhus threat completely

Question 12

Paul Müller awarded

Answer 12

1948 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for “discovery of the high efficiency DDT as contact posit against several arthropods”

Question 13

Malaria

Answer 13

Mosquito-transmitted disease

Question 14

Malaria afffects

Answer 14

120 million ppl yearly

1 million die yearly

Question 15

Dichlorodiephenyltrichloroethane

Answer 15

DDT

Question 16

What remains in environment for long time

Answer 16

DDT

Question 17

Ppb

Answer 17

Parts per billion = one donut in chain of donuts circling earth 2.5 times

Question 18

Tropic

Answer 18

Feeding level

Question 19

DDT reduced dramatically

Answer 19

Alaric
Bubonic plague
Typhus
Yellow fever

Question 20

1962/Silent Spring

Answer 20

• Rachel Carson

- describes how pesticides spread through environment

Question 21

1969

Answer 21

DDT severely restricted in Canada

Question 22

Mid-1980s

Answer 22

DDT not registered in Canada since

Question 23

Ten yes after first use of DDT

Answer 23

Dead fish, birds, frogs etc. found areas heavily sprayed with
Fat in bodies contained high levels of it
Butterflies and honeybees started to disappear

Question 24

Tests of DDT shown

Answer 24

Remained in environment for many yrs
In some heavily sprayed orchards 10 yrs after stopped
Found in bodies of animals miles away from places sprayed
Began showing in humans tissues

Question 25

DDT/Birds of prey/1950s-1960s

Answer 25

Numbers fell sharply on farmlands across North America and Europe Reproduction problems (unable to produce normal eggshells) Thin shells led to many young dying

Question 26

Biomagnification

Answer 26

Accumulation of poison in bodies of organisms moving from producers, to primary consumers, to secondary etc.

Question 27

Why DDT continues to be used

Answer 27

Tropical countries because effective pesticide | Affects everyone because ppl eat food from tropics

Question 28

Zanzibar

Answer 28

Malaria dropped from 70% to 5% in 6 yrs (1958-64) | Climbed upward 50-60% by 1984 after banned

Question 29

WHO

Answer 29

World Health Organization Screen 2000 compounds for possible use 30 selected but none as effective or safe, more expensive

Question 30

Pesticide resistance

Answer 30

Pest species becoming resistant to effects of pesticides in current use

Question 31

Critical importance in future

Answer 31

Production of new pesticides Test for safety and effectiveness Development of standards leading to guidelines for consumer use

Question 32

University of Guelph/April 1995

Answer 32

Veggies treated with pesticides healthier than organic Potatoes naturally have solanine Colorado potato beetle showed 50% increase toxin levels Vs. Potato leafhopper no changes

Question 33

Solanine

Answer 33

Toxin | Known to cause damage to developing fetus in mammals