Unit 3- The pH Scale Flashcards
What pH are acids?
Less than 7
What is the pH scale?
A measure of pH ranging from below 0 to above 14
What pH is alkali?
More than 7
What pH is neutral solutions?
Equal to 7
Non metal oxides dissolve in water to give what type of solution?
Acid solution
Metal oxides and hydroxides dissolve in water to give what type of solution?
Alkaline solution
What do metals produce when they burn in air?
Metal oxides
What is another name for metal oxides?
Basic oxides
What is produced when a metal oxide is dissolved in water?
Metal hydroxide
What type of solutions are metal hydroxides?
Alkali
What type of solution is it when ammonia dissolves in water?
Alkali
Is ammonia gas insoluble or soluble?
Very soluble in water
What does ammonia gas dissolve in water to form?
Alkali ammonium hydroxide
What do non metals burn to produce?
Non metal oxides
What type of solution is a non metal oxide?
Acidic
When non metal oxides dissolve in water what type of solution is formed?
An acidic solution
What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?
HCl
What is the formula for nitric acid?
HNO3
What is the formula for sulphuric acid?
H2SO4
What is the formula for sodium hydroxide?
NaOH
What is the formula for potassium hydroxide?
KOH
What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?
Ca(OH)2
What is the formula for ammonium hydroxide?
NH4OH
What is the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in a water or aqueous solution?
Equal
Why type of solution contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide?
Acidic solution
What type of solution contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions?
An alkaline solution
What happens to the pH of an acidic solution when it is diluted?
The pH moves towards 7 as the concentration if hydrogen ions decreases
What happens the pH of an alkaline solution when it is diluted?
The pH moves down towards 7 as the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution decreases
What happens when a reversible reaction is in equilibrium?
The concentrations of the reactants and the products remain constant although not necessarily equal