Unit 3 Test Flashcards
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
Vitamins
A, D, E, K
what are the water soluble vitamins?
Vitamin B
&
Vitamin C
What are the major minerals?
Sodium Potassium Phosphorus Chloride Calcium Manganese Sulfur
How much of the major minerals are needed per day and how much is stored?
> 100 mg per day
Store >5 g
What are the trace minerals?
Iron Selenium Fluoride Chromium Manganese Zinc Copper
How much of the trace minerals are needed per day and how much is stored?
< 100 g per day
Store < 5 g
What is chromium associated with?
What is it
Glucose
A trace mineral
What is iodine associated with and responsible for?
Components of thyroid hormone
Those hormones regulate body temp and metabolism
A lack of it can cause goiter (enlarged thyroid)
Can cause Graves’ disease (bulging eyes)
What is manganese apart of?
Superoxide dismutase
Powerful Anita oxidant that protects us from free radical damage
What is the coenzyme for THIAMIN?
TPP
What is the coenzyme for RIBOFLAVIN?
FAD
FMN
What is the coenzyme for NICAN.
NAD
NADP
What is the coenzyme for VIT. B6
PLP
What is the coenzyme for FOLATE?
THF
What is the coenzyme for PANOTHENIC ACID?
CoA
What dose the coir cycle do?
Converts execs lactic acids in the body to glucose.
What dose VIT.A do?
Allow us to see color
What dose VIT.D do?
Regulates blood calcium
What dose VIT. E do?
Protects cell membrane/ improves VIT. Absorption
What dose VIT. K do?
Aids in blood coagulation.
What is phosphorylation?
When B. VIT are combined with other substances
What dose a deficiency in VIT. B12 and folate cause?
Anemia
What is choline?
Vitamin like substance
Involved in phosphotidylcholine or lecithin
Not a VIT just aids them
What are B.vit particularly important for?
Assisting in energy metabolism
They act as coenzymes
Where is most of the phosphorus found in our body stored?
Our bones
What are sodium and potassium important to?
Nerve impulses
How do we get fluid in our body?
Beverages and food
Metabolic reaction 10-14% of our daily water
Oxidative metabolism
How dose water move through the body?
By osmosis
High to low
What dose osmotic pressure do?
Keeps electrolytes from drawing liquid toward them
What is the cycle of electrolytes?
Depolarization
Action potential
Repolarization
What tells us we are thirsty?
The hypothalamus
What is potassium associate with?
The relaxation of the muscle contraction cycle
Causes healthy heart
What is chloride?
What is it involved in and what dose it do?
A major mineral
It’s in extra cellular fluid
Assist in the immune system and transmission of nerve impulses
What is phosphorus?
A major mineral
What is the result of a thiamin deficiency?
Berriberri
Muscle wasting
What is the result of a niacin deficiency?
Pellegra
What is a deficiency in folate cause?
Neural tube defects in fetuses
Anemia
Heart disease
What is a VIT b12 deficiency?
It is RARE!!!!
But anemia
What is a PANOTHENIC acid deficiency?
Very rare
It’s absolutely essential for fatty acid metabolism
Main enzyme is CoA
What dose chromium do and what is it?
Assists insulin in glucose uptake
Is a minor mineral
Dose not effect body composition
What is sulfur?
Major mineral
