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Microbiology (BIOL 286) > Unit 3 Quiz Questions > Flashcards

Unit 3 Quiz Questions Flashcards

1
Q

If a strand of DNA is 30% C in content, how much of it is T?

30%
20%
10%
15%

A

20%

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2
Q

What is the strand of DNA complementary to this? 5’ GAATTC 3’

5’ CTTAAG 3’
5’ GAATTC 3’
5’ CUUAAG 3’
5’ GAAUUC 3’

A

5’ GAATTC 3’

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3
Q

What process do cells use to replicate their DNA?

Libertarian
Liberal
Conservative
Semi-conservative

A

Semi-conservative

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4
Q

Where does DNA replication begin?

Shine Dalgarno
oriC
Operator
Promoter

A

oriC

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5
Q

Where is DNA found in prokaryotes?

Nucleomorph
Nucleus
Nucleoid
Nucleocapsid

A

Nucleoid

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6
Q

What enzyme performs most of the DNA synthesis during replication?

DNA polymerae I
RNA polymerase II
DNA polymerase III
DNA polymerase II

A

DNA polymerase III

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7
Q

What is attached to the 5’ carbon of a nucleotide?

Phosphate
H group
Nitrogenous base
OH group

A

Phosphate

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8
Q

Where would you find an Okazaki fragment?

mRNA trascript

Lagging strand of DNA synthesis

Leading strand of DNA synthesis

Ribosome

A

Lagging strand of DNA synthesis

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9
Q

Which of the following is a purine?

Thymidine
Cytosine
Uracil
Adenosine

A

Adenosine (and Guanine)

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10
Q

After two round of replication in light nitrogen, Meselson and Stahl observed what forms of DNA?

Intermediate and heavy

Intermediate and light

All intermediate

Heavy and light

A

Intermediate and light

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11
Q

What is this process called? RNA –> Protein

Transcription
Translation
Reverse transcription
Replication

A

Translation

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12
Q

What are the protein coding regions of eukaryotic genes called?

Retrons
Transposons
Exons
Introns

A

Exons

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13
Q

What molecule is used to tag proteins for degradation?

Methyl
Phosphate
Adenine
Ubiqutin

A

Ubiqutin

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14
Q

Which of these is NOT found in RNA?

Adenosine
Thymine
Phosphate
Ribose

A

Thymine

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15
Q

What protein in RNA polymerase contacts the start site for transcription?

Sigma
Rho
Omega
Alpha

A

Sigma

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16
Q

What type of microbe would have coupled transcription and translation?

Archaea
Protozoa
Yeast
Plant

A

Archaea

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17
Q

What protein serves to terminate transcription in bacteria?

Delta
Rho
Sigma
Omicron

A

Rho

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18
Q

Where would you find an anti-codon?

tRNA
rRNA
snRNA
mRNA

A

tRNA

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19
Q

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotes?

Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

A

Nucleus

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20
Q

What binds to the Shine Delgarno sequence?

DNA polymerase
Regulatory protein
Ribosome
RNA polymerase

A

Ribosome

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21
Q

The process that leads to a bacterium using up glucose before using any lactose (choosing its carbon source) is called what?

Chemiosmosis
Oligodynamic effect
Amensalism
Catabolite repression

A

Catabolite repression

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22
Q

What secondary messenger molecule is formed by adenylate cyclase?

DAG
IP3
cAMP
ATP

A

cAMP

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23
Q

What type of regulation does LacI exhibit?

Negative induction
Postitive repression
Positive induction
Negative repression

A

Negative induction

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24
Q

How many of the codons in the genetic table code for stop?

Three
Two
One
Four

A

Three

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25
What type of expression of the lactose operon occurs in a Lac knock-out mutant? Off with glucose and on with lactose Off with glucose and off with lactose On with glucose and on with lactose On with glucose and off with lactose
On with glucose and on with lactose
26
What type of molecules are involved in quorum sensing in Gram negative bacteria? Peptides cAMP Isoprene lipids Homoserine lactones
Homoserine lactones
27
What regions of the Trp leader base-pair to form the anti-attenuator? 1 and 4 3 and 4 1 and 2 2 and 3
2 and 3
28
What type of regulation does TrpR exhibit? Positive induction Negative induction Positive repression Negative repression
Negative repression
29
A group of coordinately regulated structural genes is called what? Operon Operator Retron Codon
Operon
30
What DNA element do regulatory protein bind to? Operon Shine Dalgarno Promoter Operator
Operator
31
What happens when MCP proteins have methyls groups added to them? They become non-funcional They are degraded They become less sensitive They become more sensitive
They become less sensitive
32
Which of these techniques can be used to study proteomics? 2D gels Southern blot Western blots Gene chips
2D gels
33
RpoH (sigma 32) is involved in what process? Housekeeping expression Flagella synthesis Endospore formation Heat shock response
Heat shock response
34
Which of these techniques can be used to study transcriptomics? Southern blots Gene chip 2D gels Western blots
Gene chip
35
What are the two components in a two-component signal transduction pathway? Sigma factor and promoter MCP and flagella Histidine kinase and response regulator Repressor and operator
Histidine kinase and response regulator
36
How do E. coli flagella spin when conditions become more favorable (increasing resources)? Random Counter-clockwise Clockwise Not spinning
Counter-clockwise
36
What is the default setting for flagella rotation in E. coli? Not spinning Counter-clockwise Random Clockwise
Counter-clockwise
36
What sigma factor strategy is used to coordinate gene expression in a developing endospore? Anti-sigma factors Sigma factor exclusion Chemically modified sigma factors Pro-sigma factors
Anti-sigma factors
36
Which of these regulatory proteins favors the lytic cycle in lambda phage? CI CIII CII cro
cro
36
Which of these is not a form of horizontal gene transfer? Transformation Conjugation Attenuation Transduction
Attenuation
37
How are proteins modified in a two-component signal cascade? Ubiquitinated ADP-ribosylated Methylated Phosphorylated
Phosphorylated
37
Which of these is a transition mutation? A to T A to C A to G A to U
A to G
37
What term is used for cells that can take up naked DNA? Attenuated Competent Communicable Virulent
Competent
37
What type of genetic mutation is associated with cystic fibrosis? Point In-frame deletion In-frame addition Frame shift
In-frame deletion
37
Which of these requires naked DNA in order to occur? Transformation Attenuation Transduction Conjugation
Transformation
37
In which of these does the donor cell survive? Transformation Specialized transduction Generalized transduction Conjugation
Conjugation
37
What type of mutation is most associated with 5-bromouracil treatment? Transition Deletion Frame shift Transversion
Transition
38
Which of these involves the participation of a lytic bacteriophage? Transformation Generalized transduction Conjugation Specialized transduction
Generalized transduction
39
Which of these is a missense mutation? UGU (C) to UGC (C) UGU (C) to UGG (W) UGU (C) to UGA (stop) UGU (C) to UXU (X = deletion)
UGU (C) to UGG (W)
40
Which of these is a frame-shift muation? UGU (C) to UGA (stop) UGU (C) to UGG (W) UGU (C) to UGC (C) UGU (C) to UXU (X = deletion)
UGU (C) to UXU (X = deletion)
41
What type of genetic element has a captured intervening gene from the host genome? Complex transposon Composite transposon Retron element Insertion sequence
Composite transposon
42
What class of virus uses reverse transcriptase to replicate? VII V III I
VII
43
Approximately how much of the human genome is made of mobile genetic elements? 25% 2% 90% 50%
50%
44
Where do most RNA viruse replicate and assemble in a cell? Chloroplast Cytoplasm Mitochondria Nucleus
Cytoplasm
45
What class of virus uses an mRNA for its genome? V II IV III
IV
46
What kind of element has both a ssRNA and ssDNA in its structure? SINE IS element Retron LTR element
Retron
47
What retroviral component is missing from an LTR? Pol Reverse transcriptase Gag Env
Env
48
What process does influenza virus use when in recombines gene fragments during infection? Genetic drift Gene conversion Phase variation Genetic shift
Genetic shift
49
What enzyme is used to mobilize insertion sequences in bacteria? Transposase DNA polymerase RNA polymerase Reverse transcriptase
Transposase
50
Which of these elements is most numerous in our genome? Retron LINE SINE LTR
SINE

Microbiology (BIOL 286) (36 decks)

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