unit 3 omg Flashcards
Y did Britain End of salutary Neglect (pre rev)
Salutary Neglect was ended after the war with France (french and indian war) to pay for war debts that were left behind
how did Britain pay off their debts (pre rev)
- Ending salutary neglect
- Taxes Policies: Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Tonwshed Act, Tea Act,
- These acts were more direct, affecting everyday goods.
- Previous taxes also mostly affected the wealthy where as these taxes affected everyone
- Doubled the size of the tax bureaucracy
Taxes without representation (pre rev)
A movement sparked by Patrick Henry where colonists began to resent Britain through the belief that they should have representation in parliament if they were paying all the taxes.
Parliament countered this by saying that they were virtually represented: the idea that parliament represented all British subjected, even the colonies. It basically argued that the interests of the colonies were virtually being represented in parliament
Patriotic groups/Patriots
(pre rev)
Patriots: People who defended the American rights
Sons & daughters of liberty: A secret organization that were formed by patriots who opposed Britain policies
Revenue Acts (pre rev)
A series of acts passed to generate revenue for Britain from the American colonies
Sugar Act 1764 (pre rev)
A law passed that would raise revenue for Britain by imposing taxes on sugar & molasses.
Lowered the tax prices by enforced a stricter policy
This would eclipse the molasses act.
Currency Act 1764 (pre rev)
A law that banned the colonists from making their own money
Many colonists issued their own money because they were short on gold and silver
Quartering Act 1765 (pre r)
An act passed by parliament that would require colonial governments to provide barracks and food for British troops.
- Reduced costs for britain in maintaining its troops
- imposed financial burdens on them as they had to support the troops
Stamp Act 1765 (pre rev)
A law that would require a stamp on all printed items, essentially a tax on every printed payer used.
- Sparked the first great imperial crisis
Lighter charges on everyday items and heavy charges on legal documents.
- The first direct tax
- THE STAMP ACT CONGRESS WOULD RESULT IN THE REMOVAL OF THIS.
Declaratory Act 1766 (pre r)
an act that reaffirmed parliament’s full power and authority to make laws and statutes
- Passed as a response to wide spread opposition to stamp acts
- Basically allowed parliament to make laws for the colonists
-PLACED AFTER THE REMOVAL OF THE STAMP ACT
Townshed Act 1767 (pre r)
A series of laws that were imposed on Americans that placed taxes on various goods imported into colonies.
- was to raise revenue to pay the salaries of British governors and judges in the colonies
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Tea Act 1773 (pre r)
A law passed by parliament with its primary purpose of helping the british east india company directly sell tea to the colonies without colonial middlemen.
- Created a monopoly on colonial tea trade because it allowed it to sell tea directly to the colonies without going through colonial merchants
Coercive Act/Intolerable Acts 1774 (pre r)
A series of 4 punitive laws passed by British parliament in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party.
- Boston Port Bill: Closed the boston harbor to shipping. (crippled its economy)
- The Massachusetts government act: Annulled the colonies charter and prohibited most town meetings. (crippled its autonomy).
- Justice Act: allowed for people who were accused of crimes to be tried in britain or another colony. (allowed British to escape justice as trials in Britain would be more favorable for the defendant)
- New Quartering Act: Required colonists to provide housing for british soilders.
Proclamation of 1763
A decree that would stabilize relations with the indians and Britain.
- Prevented colonial expansion westward of the Appalachian mountains
- Drew a proclamation line
- Colonists saw this as a restriction to their rights
The revolutionary War dates
A war that was fought over for Americas independence from Britain
1775-1783
Declaration of Independence 1776
A foundational document that would declare americas independence from Britain.
Established during the second CONTINENTAL congress
3 parts
Preamable (enlightenment)
List of grievances
Resolution of Independence
Wrote by Thomas jefferson
- Rally the troops
- Had enlightenment ideas (Natural Rights)
- Government is used to protect natural rights
- When government becomes tyrannical. the people replace it with a new one. #reset
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Albany Congress (1756) pre rev
A meeting of representatives from the colonies held in Albany New York where issues over the french and Indian war were addressed
The Albany Plan (1754) pre rev
A proposal for unification of the American colonies under a centralized government by Ben Frank
- Primarily aimed at coordinating defense during the french and Indian war
- the plan was rejected by colonial leaders
- Grand Council: Elected representatives from different colonies. Would oversee different affairs
- President General: A general would be established and appointed by the king. Have powers to veto and stuff.
The stamp act congress 1765 pre rev
A meeting of representatives in response to the stamp act.
- United to express their opposition towards the act
-Demanded the king to repel the stamp act
Colonial Resistance pre rev
- Political Control
- Boycotts
- Protests
- Formation of committees and congresses
nonimportation agreement pre rev
A collective boycott against British goods in response to their unjust taxation policies
- Women played a crucial role
- Women took charge in making items instead of requiring it being shipped from Britain. (textiles and clothing)
- Formed groups like daughters of liberty
- Women were often in charge of managing household goods. They chose not to buy imported stuff.
Tarring and feathering pre rev
An extreme form of resistance where patriots would tar and feather against loyalists
- was a symbolic representation of the anger against Britain
The Boston tea party 1773 pre rev
First Continental Congress 1774 pre rev
A gathering of delegates from the colonies that took place in Philadelphia.
- Response to the coercive acts
- Aimed to address colonial greviances
- United the colonists & laid the groundwork for future resistances.
- Established Milita
- Urged colonists to refuse british goods and to pay taxes
- rejected coercive acts
- DURING THIS TIME THEY WERE STILL TRYING TO REMAIN AS BRITISH SUBJECTS
- SEEKED RECONCILIATION
Galloway’s Plan
A plan that was developed during the first continental Congress in attempts to resolve conflict between Britain and the colonies.
- had a similar strucutre to ben franks Albany Plan.
- Suggested grand councils
- General President
- difference is that his plan was to maintain a peaceful connection with British while Bens was to unite the colonies in defending their land from the Indians.
- Rejected bc the colonists wanted more self governance
Declaration of Rights 1774 pre rev
a document that affirms the colonies right to self govern
- - issued during the first cc
- Based on enlightenement ideas
- colonists had rights to life liberty property
- A formal statement of protests against the britains imperial resolves
- More of an assertion of rights
- seemed more of reconciliation
- failed attempt to negotiate
Lord Dunmore’s War 1774 pre rev
A conflict that took place between the colony of virginia and the native Americans. Lord Dunmore created a militia to contest the land by fighting the natives. He claimed it to be justified as he said they felt abandoned by salutary neglect
Thomas Paine Common Sense 1776 rev
A pamphlet written by Thomas paine that advocates for Americas independence from Britain.
- Played a crucial role in shaping public opinion as the pamphlet argued that it was common sense to break away from Britain and to establish their own democracy\
- Britain was to distant and unresponsive
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English Common Law
The body of principle that emphasized trial by jury
Natural Rights
A set of rights possessed by all ppl
life liberty property
