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Radiology Patient Care Class Powerpoints > Unit 3 Medications > Flashcards

Unit 3 Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Radiographer’s Responsibility for Medications

A

-Be familiar with drug names, routes of administration
-Why?
• Help prevent errors
• Anticipate side effects
• Report signs of adverse side effects

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2
Q

Chemical name

A

atomic or molecular structure CN- (4hydroxyphenyl)acetamide

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3
Q

Generic name

A

nonproprietary, official; drugs of a particular class usually have the same ending

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4
Q

Brand Name

A

proprietary or trade name given by manufacturer

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5
Q

PHARMACOKINETICS

A

study of how the body processes the drug. Individual responses can vary depending on age, physical condition, gender, weight, immune status

Absorption, Metabolism, Distribution, Excretion

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6
Q

Absorption

A

how the medication moves from route of administration to circulation
• Oral (by mouth)- GI
• IM/SQ – Blood vessels
• IV- None

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7
Q

Metabolism

A

how the body transforms drug into inactive form for excretion
• Liver

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8
Q

Distribution

A

how the drug travels from bloodstream to target tissue and site of action

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9
Q

Excretion

A

elimination from the body after metabolized
• Kidneys
• Intestines, lungs

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10
Q

PHARMACODYNAMICS

A

-study of the effects of drugs on the normal physiological functions of the body

-Agonist, Antagonist

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11
Q

Agonist

A

promotes desired result and produces a specific action

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12
Q

Antagonist

A

drug that attaches itself to the receptor, preventing the agonist from acting.

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13
Q

Medication Effects

A
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14
Q

FREQUENTLY USED MEDICATIONS IN THE IMAGING DEPARTMENT

A

• Medications to treat allergic reactions (contrast)
• Analgesics/opiods – for pain
• Sedatives, tranquilizers, paralytic agents- reduce mental activity/anxiety
• Antagonist-reversal of sedatives and analgesics
• Local anesthetics- eliminate sensation during procedures
• Anticoagulants- inhibit clotting mechanism

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15
Q

Analgesics/opiods are used for

A

pain

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16
Q

Sedatives, tranquilizers, paralytic agents used for

A

reduce mental activity/anxiety

17
Q

Antagonists used for

A

reversal of sedatives and analgesics

18
Q

Local anesthetic

A

eliminate sensation during procedures

19
Q

Anticoagulants

A

inhibit clotting mechanism

20
Q

ALLERGIC REACTIONS Medications

A

• Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
-Antihistamine, side effects: sedative, anticholinergic (drying)
• Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
-Stimulates heart and parasympathetic nervous system administered for angioedema, shock, respiratory distress
• Methylprednisolone (solu-Medrol)
-corticosteroid, anti-inflammatory prevents swelling of bronchial tree
• Atropine (Anticholinergic)
-Used for bradycardia

21
Q

Emergency Cart Medications

A
22
Q

Analgesics

A

• Drugs that relieve pain without causing a loss of consciousness
-NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs
• Acetaminophen (tylenol)
• Aspirin
• Ibuprofen (advil)

23
Q

Opioids

A

• Act by depressing the CNS, relieving pain, producing drowsiness
• Oral: Hydrocodone (Vicodin), Oxycodone (Percocet)
• Injectable: morphine sulfate, meperidine (Demerol), hydromorphone, Hydrochloride (dilaudid), fentanyl (sublimaze)

• Naloxone (Narcan) antagonist to opioids

• Side effect: respiratory depression, monitor with pulse ox

24
Q

Sedatives and tranquilizers

A

• Quieting effect, reduce anxiety and mental tension Patients may feel drowsy, have slow reaction time
• Benzodiazepines
• Lorazepam(Ativan)
• Diazepam(valium)
• Midazolam(versed)

• Flumazenil (Romazicon) antagonist to benzodiazepines

25
Q

Anticoagulants

A

• Inhibits clotting mechanism of blood
• Used to keep IV lines and catheters open during diagnostic procedures
• Heparin
• Warfarin(cumadin)

26
Q

Local Anesthetics

A

• Eliminate sensation in a specific area before a painful procedure
• Lidocaine (xylocaine)
-Can have epinephrine premixed to cause constriction of adjacent blood vessels (synergistic effect)

27
Q

Routes of Administration Enteral Route

A

Medication administered directly in to the gastrointestinal tract
• Oral
• Feeding tube
• Rectal

28
Q

Routes of Administration Topical Route

A

-Topical/Skin
-Transdermal
-Sublingual and Buccal

29
Q

Parental

A

Medications that are injected into the body
-Intravenous (IV): in vein
-Intraarterial: in arteries
-Intrathecal: in spine

30
Q

Injection Equipment

A
  1. Syringe
  2. Alcohol prep pad
  3. Needle
    • Hypodermic
    • Spinal
    • Butterfly
31
Q

Gauge of the needle indicates

A

-the diameter of the bore

As the gauge increases the diameter decreases

32
Q

IV Medication Administration

A

-Remember your rights of medication administration
-Use alcohol prep pad, scrub port 10-15 seconds
-Check for line patency (back flow of blood)
-Look for signs of infiltration during injection
-After injection, flush line with saline and clamp

33
Q

Medications Documentation should include

A
  1. Date/time
  2. Drug name
  3. Dosage
  4. Route
  5. Person that administered
34
Q

Common medications part 1

A
35
Q

Common medications part 2

A
36
Q

Common medications part 3

A
37
Q

Common medications part 4

A

Radiology Patient Care Class Powerpoints (13 decks)

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