Unit 3 List 3 DNA & Heredity KS

Question 1

The process by which a single parent cell splits to form new cells, known as daughter cells

Answer 1

Cellular Division

Question 2

the female reproductive cell, or gamete

Answer 2

Egg Cell

Question 3

the study of how cells control gene activity without changing the DNA sequence

Answer 3

Epigenetic

Question 4

The process by which two gametes (reproductive cells having a single, haploid set of chromosomes) fuse to become a zygote, which develops into a new organism

Answer 4

Fertilization

Question 5

The complete set of DNA (genetic material) in an organism

Answer 5

Genome

Question 6

a trait or variants encoded in DNA and passed from parent to offspring during reproduction

Answer 6

Inherited Traits

Question 7

an organism composed of many cells

Answer 7

Multicellular Organism

Question 8

the production of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sexes

Answer 8

Sexual Reproduction

Question 9

The male reproductive cell, formed in the testicle

Answer 9

Sperm Cell

Question 10

one of the numbered chromosomes, as opposed to the sex chromosomes

Answer 10

Autosomal

Question 11

when one allele completely dominates or takes control of the other

Answer 11

Complete Dominance

Question 12

a cross between two individuals with two observed traits that are controlled by two distinct genes

Answer 12

Dihybrid Cross

Question 13

the first generation of offspring produced by a set of parents

Answer 13

F1 (first filial)

Question 14

the result of a cross between two F1 individuals

Answer 14

F2 (second filial)

Question 15

describes the number of times a genotype would appear in the offspring after a test cross

Answer 15

Genotypic Ratio

Question 16

no mutation, random mating, no gene flow, infinite population size, and no selection.

Answer 16

Hardy-Weinberg Conditions

Question 17

the amount of genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors

Answer 17

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Question 18

a form of Gene interaction in which both alleles of a gene at a locus are partially expressed, often resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype

Answer 18

Incomplete Dominance

Question 19

the hybrid of two individuals with homozygous genotypes which result in the opposite phenotype for a certain genetic trait

Answer 19

Monohybrid Cross

Question 20

the first offspring produced by the two individuals mated together; the first set of parents crossed

Answer 20

P (parental) generation

Question 21

a ratio comparing the possible outcomes for an organism based on physical appearance

Answer 21

Phenotypic Ratio

Question 22

the inheritance of a trait governed by more than one genes

Answer 22

Polygenic Inheritance

Question 23

a group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a given area

Answer 23

Population

Question 24

a comparison in terms of a quotient of two numbers a and b, usually written as ab or a/b

Answer 24

Ratio

Question 25

the differences between individuals of the same species, caused by genetic and environmental factors

Answer 25

Variation

Question 26

the genetic makeup of an organism

Answer 26

genotype

Question 27

an observable trait

Answer 27

phenotype