Unit 3 Highlight Flashcards
Retinal Disparity
Images from two eyes differ, finger sausage
Convergence
The 2 eyes more inwards to see near objects, outwards to see far objects
Interposition
Object that occlude other objects tend to be perceived as closer, tree in front of house
Linear Perspective
Parallel lines appear to converge in the distance; railroad tracks
Inattentional Blindness
In ability to see object or person that is right in front of you
Change blindness
Failure to notice a change in your environment
Figure ground
When we are looking at something, one thing will stand out and the rest is background
Proximity
Physical nearness
Similarity
When people or items look the same, we put them in one group
Gibson and Walk - Visual Cliff
Crawling baby stops at fiberglass clear part to not crawl off table
Perceptual set
Mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another
Schema
Concept - understanding of the world on a personal level
Opponent Process Theory
After image: red-green, blue-yellow, black-white
Synesthesia
When you experience one of your senses through another
Basilar Membrane
Lines the cochlea with hair cells that transmit sound to the auditory nerve
Place theory
Pitch is determined by where the sound wave hits the basilar membrane
Frequency Theory
Pitch is determined by how quickly a sound wave arrives at the basilar membrane
Cochlea
Spiral shaped and fluid-filled inner ear structure lined with cilia (tiny hairs) that move when vibrated and cause nerve impulse to move
Semicircular canals
Three loops of fluid filled tubes attached to cochlea, helps us with sense of balance
Conduction hearing loss
Hearing loss by damage to mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea
Sensorineural hearing loss
(Nerve deafness) Hearing loss by damage to cochlea receptor cells or auditory cells.
Touch sensations
Pressure, warmth, cold, pain
Gate control theory
Spinal cord temporarily blocks impulses from being recognized to help get a person through something
Kinesthetic
Movement of muscles, joints, tendons
Taste senses
Umami, sweet, bitter, salty, sour
Sensory interaction
One sense affects another sense
Smell
Olfactory
Smell and memories
Brain region for smell is closely related to brain region for memory
Sensation
Detect physical energy from environment and convert it to neural signals
Perception
Select, organize, interpret our sensations
Bottom-up
No prior knowledge, just reaction
Top-down
Makes decision and judgement using prior knowledge
Absolute threshold
First moment you notice a stimulus
Weber’s Law - JND
When a change is noticed by a constant percentage or portion
Signal detection theory
Ability to ability to focus on one thing and ignore the rest
Sensory adaptation
Diminished sensitivity due to constant stimulation
Transduction
Transformation of stimulus energy into neural impulses
Intensity
Brightness - taller the wave, brighter the color
Parallel processing
Processing of several aspects of a thing all at once
Trichromatic theory
We have 3 main cones, red, green, and blue
Photoreceptors
Rods and cones
Fovea
Color vision
Cornea
Clear, dome shaped tissue covering the front of the eye
Iris
Colored part of the eye, controls amount of light that enters eye by changing size of pupil
