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AP Psychology > Motivation and Emotion > Flashcards

Motivation and Emotion Flashcards

1
Q

motivation

A

need or desire that energizes behavior

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2
Q

instincts

A

natural survival motivation

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3
Q

Drive reduction

A

physical needs motivate behavior, ex: food + water

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4
Q

Homeostasis

A

body’s internal levels at normal

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5
Q

Incentive motivation

A

do something for rewards

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6
Q

arousal theory

A

adventure and excitement ex: bungee jumping

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7
Q

Achievement Motivation

A

need to master challenges, outperform others, meet high standards

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8
Q

Maslow hierarchy of needs (starts at lower level first)

A
  1. self actualization
  2. Esteem
  3. Belongingness
  4. Safety
  5. Physiological
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9
Q

Over justification Effect

A

do something we love, then get rewarded for it and don’t like it anymore

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10
Q

self efficacy

A

our belief about how well you perform at a single task

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11
Q

Balloon experiment

A

tricking your brain into thinking your stomach is full

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12
Q

Glucose

A

blood sugar, produced in pancreas

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13
Q

insulin

A

produced in pancreas, controls glucose

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14
Q

lateral hypothalamus

A

tells your brain to eat

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15
Q

Ventromedial hypothalamus - VMH

A

tells brain you’re full

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16
Q

set point

A

the weight y our body knows how to work at, 18 months for new one

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17
Q

taste preference is based on

A

based on culture

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18
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

when underweight but think they’re overweight

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19
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

binge eating then forced vomiting

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20
Q

obesity

A

increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, etc.

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21
Q

sexual stages

A

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

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22
Q

sexual problems

A

premature ejaculation, man orgasms before they want to

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23
Q

testosterone

A

male hormone, increases sexual desires

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24
Q

estrogen

A

female hormone

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25
Q

adolescent sexuality

A

culture often determines sexual behavior

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26
Q

sexual orientation

A

who you are attracted to

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27
Q

gender role

A

typical male and female behavior

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28
Q

gender typing

A

child becomes aware of their gender and thus behaves accordingly by adopting values and attributes

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29
Q

gender identity

A

how you personally feel, masculine or feminine

30
Q

transgender

A

identity doesn’t match biology

31
Q

Kinsey

A

sex researcher, interviewed thousands about their sexual behavior

32
Q

Belonging

A

often people stay in unhealthy relationships because they want to be apart of a couple

33
Q

survival/evolution

A

sex = babies

34
Q

James Lange

A

physical reaction, then emotion comes

35
Q

Cannon Bard

A

physical and emotion happen simultaneously

36
Q

Two factor/Schachter Singer

A

physical and cognitive label (understanding), then fear happens

37
Q

Zajonc/LeDoux

A

emotion before understanding

38
Q

Lazarus

A

appraisal determines emotion, cognitive appraisal

39
Q

Fear

A

changes behavior

40
Q

Learning Fear

A

learned through observation and conditioning

41
Q

Biology of fear

A

amygdala lights up

42
Q

Ekman and Friesen

A

studied babies around world, came up with 6 universal emotions

43
Q

6 universal emotions

A

happy, sad, anger, surprise, disgust, fear

44
Q

facial feedback theory

A

brain interprets sensations from your facial muscles

45
Q

Display rules

A

individual cultures determine appropriate emotional expressions

46
Q

Catharsis hypothesis

A

allowing yourself to vent will give you the chance to move on from the problem

47
Q

Feel good

A

When we feel happy we are more likely to help people

48
Q

Subjective well being

A

Your personal belief about how happy you are

49
Q

Happiness

A

One key to happiness is being in a loving, committed relationship

50
Q

Adaptive level phenomenon

A

When we get what we want, our happiness spikes, then levels back to normal after a while

51
Q

relative deprivation

A

when we compare ourselves to others, we often feel lacking

52
Q

stress

A

any circumstance, real or perceived, that threatens a person’s well being

53
Q

CDC

A

half of all deaths in 2019 were due to behavior and preventable

54
Q

behavioral medicine

A

works with doctors to change negative behavior

55
Q

health psychology

A

study of how stress impacts diseases

56
Q

adaptive behaviors

A

positive behaviors

57
Q

maladaptive behaviors

A

negative behaviors

58
Q

theory of cognitive appraisal

A

how badly we view a stressful event or thing

59
Q

Lazarus/transactional model of stress and coping

A

personal belief that you can or cannot handle a stressful event

60
Q

Stress response system

A

when you’re stressed, adrenal glands send out epinephrine and norepinephrine

61
Q

cortisol (glucocorticoids)

A

hormones released by adrenal glands to come you down

62
Q

Psychosomatic

A

headaches, muscle issue, stomach pain brought on by psychological factors

63
Q

hypochondriasis / illness anxiety disorder

A

person has a physical issue that they believe is something much more serious

64
Q

type a personality

A

needs to be in charge, more likely to have heart attack than type B

65
Q

type b personality

A

easy going and relaxed

66
Q

B lymphocytes

A

fights bacterial infections

67
Q

T lymphocytes

A

T cells, attack viruses and cancer cells

68
Q

Microphages

A

clean up the systems in our body

69
Q

problem focus coping

A

change the situation

70
Q

emotion focus coping

A

change your reaction

71
Q

explanatory style

A

optimists have less stress and anxiety

72
Q

exercise

A

5 times per week, 40 minutes each time

AP Psychology (9 decks)

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