Unit 3 Chapter 15/16 Flashcards
3 things that visual perception allows us to do
- Segregate objects from background
- Judge distance object is away
- Recognise different objects.
What shape recognition from background is called
figure-ground phenomenon
5 visual cues that allow us to perceive distance of object
1 Relative size
- superimposition
- Height in horizontal field
- Texture gradient
- Linear perspective
Slightly different image in each eye that allows us to perceive depth and distance of object is known as?
Binocular disparity
2 things that are perceived as constant about an object even if the image in the retina changes.
Size consistency
shape consistency
The most important property of an object for recognition
shape
The tendency of a person to perceive some sensory information and ignore others.
Perceptual set
3 things that affect perceptual set
- Expectation
- Context
- Past experiemnce
The 3 levels of memory
- sensory memory
- short term memory
- long term memory
Selected sensory information being converted to a from the brain can store is called?
Encoding
The retention of information for a period of time is called?
Storage
The recovery of stored information is called?
Retrieval
How many items on average does the short term memory hold? and how long for?
7 items for 30 seconds
A method of increasing short term memory span by making one meaningful unit of information out of several smaller ones.
Chunking
Extending the time a piece of information is held in short term memory by repeating it over and over again.
Rehearsal
What is serial position effect?
The best recall of a list of objects is for the ones at the start ( primacy effect) and the ones at the end (recency effect)
An extension to the short term memory that actively manipulates and controls information.
working memory
The amount of information the long term memory is thought to hold
unlimited
Three process that promote the transfer from short term memory to long term memory
- rehearsal
- organisation
- elaboration of meaning
Putting things into logical categories for easier transfer from STM to LTM
Organisation
Aiding encoding to transfer information from STM to LTM by analysing meaning and linking it with other memories.
Elaboration
How long term memories are organised
Into distinct categories
A signal or reminder relating to the circumstances that were present when the information was encoded that aids recall
contextual cues
What are contextual cues thought to trigger to aid recall
A memory circuit
The 2 types of memory associated with the cerebral cortex
Episodic- personal facts
Semantic- non-personal facts
What are procedural memories and what part of the brain are they associated with?
Motor skills associated with the motor cortex and cerebellum.
The 2 types of memories the limbic system is associated with
Emotional
Spatial orientation
Term used to describe brain circuits all working together
Interconnected
