Unit 1 chapter 6 Flashcards
the collective name for the thousands of biochemical reactions that occur within a living cell
Cell Metabolism
the signal molecule that activates glucagon enzyme and converts glycogen to glucose during times when the body is under threat
Adrenaline
the name given to the way an enzyme and its active site change slightly to fit very closely round the substrate molecule
Induced Fit
the gene that the operator gene usually switches on
Structural gene
the name given to biological catalysts whose molecules are made of protein
Enzymes
the substance that an enzyme is specific to
Substrate
what an enzyme needs to function properly
An appropriate pH, an adequate supply of substrate and a suitable temperature
what the repressor molecule, produced by E.coli does in the absence of lactose sugar
Binds to the operator gene
the metabolic pathway that brings about the breakdown of complex molecules to simpler ones
Catabolic
an example of a catabolic process
Aerobic Respiration releasing energy
what determines the orientation of reactants so that they are held together in such a way that the reaction can take place
The shape of the active site
an example of an anabolic pathway
The synthesis of protein from amino acids
the name of a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but remains unchanged at the end and also lowers the activation energy required for a chemical reaction to proceed.
Enzyme
the name given to enzymes acting in groups
Multi-enzyme complex
the groove on an enzyme whose shape is determined by the chemical structure of and boding between, the amino acids in the polypeptide chains that make up the enzyme molecule.
Active Site
