Unit 3 Chapter 14

Question 1

what are the two main structural divisions of the nervous system

Answer 1

1. CNS- central Nervous system ( spine and brain)

2. PNS- peripheral nervous system

Question 2

Name 2 types of nerves found in the PNS

Answer 2

Sensory and Motor nerves.

Question 3

The name of the area in sense organs that detect changes to the internal or external environment then transmit nerve impulses to the CNS

Answer 3

Receptors

Question 4

The name given to muscles or glands that receive impulses from the motor nerves to bring about a response.

Answer 4

Effectors

Question 5

What are the 2 functional divisions of the PNS

Answer 5

1. Somatic system (mostly voluntary control)

2. Autonomic System (involuntary)

Question 6

What type of responses does the Somatic system control

Answer 6

Voluntary movements of skeletal muscle and some reflex actions.

Question 7

What type of responses does the autonomic system control

Answer 7

Involuntary control of the internal environment eg. Heat rate, breathing, peristalsis, vasodilation

Question 8

What 2 systems make up the autonomic nervous system

Answer 8

1. Sympathetic system

2. Parasympathetic system

Question 9

Word that means working in opposition.

Answer 9

Antagonistic

Question 10

Word that means maintaining a stable internal environment

Answer 10

Homeostasis

Question 11

4 effects of the sympathetic system being stimulated

Answer 11

1. Increased Heart Rate
2. Bronchioles relax and increase the volume of air in lung
3. Decrease in peristalsis of the gut.
4. adrenal glands stimulated

Question 12

3 effects of the parasympathetic system being stimulated

Answer 12

1. Heart rate decreases.
2. Bronchioles contract and reduce volume of air in lung
3. Peristalsis of the gut increases.

Question 13

Name the 3 layers of the brain

Answer 13

1. Central core
2. Limbic system
3. Cerebral cortex

Question 14

The part of the brain that controls breathing and heart rate and its location

Answer 14

Medulla- in the central core

Question 15

The part of the brain that controls balance and coordination and its location

Answer 15

Cerebellum- in the central core

Question 16

The location in the brain of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

Answer 16

Limbic system

Question 17

3 functions of the limbic system

Answer 17

1. processing information for long-term memory
2. Regulation of emotions
3. Biological motivation (thirst, hunger, sex drive)

Question 18

The name of the receptors in the hypothalamus that detect 1. Temperature and 2. Water concentration of the blood

Answer 18

1. Thermoreceptors

2. Osmoreceptors

Question 19

The largest and most complex part of the brain

Answer 19

Cerebral cortex

Question 20

The name for the 2 halves of the cerebral cortex

Answer 20

Right cerebral hemisphere and left cerebral hemisphere.

Question 21

The name for the link between the 2 cerebral hemispheres

Answer 21

corpus callosum

Question 22

The 3 functional areas of the cerebral cortex

Answer 22

1. sensory
2. motor
3. association

Question 23

Describe the role of the sensory, association and motor areas of the cerebral cortex

Answer 23

Sensory- receives information as impulses
Association- analysis and interprets the impulses
Motor- sends impulses to effectors (eg. muscles)

Question 24

Which cerebral hemisphere controls the left side of the body

Answer 24

The right cerebral hemisphere.

Question 25

The area of the cortex responsible for interpreting sounds

Answer 25

Auditory area

Question 26

The area of the cortex responsible for receiving impulses from the eyes

Answer 26

Visual area

Question 27

Area of the cortex that is responsible for receiving impulses from skin, organs and muscles

Answer 27

Somatosensory

Question 28

The side of the brain that has the speech motor area

Answer 28

The left side

Question 29

The name for the links of nerves that work together to produce an integrated response

Answer 29

Interconnections