Unit 3 Chapter 14 Flashcards
what are the two main structural divisions of the nervous system
- CNS- central Nervous system ( spine and brain)
2. PNS- peripheral nervous system
Name 2 types of nerves found in the PNS
Sensory and Motor nerves.
The name of the area in sense organs that detect changes to the internal or external environment then transmit nerve impulses to the CNS
Receptors
The name given to muscles or glands that receive impulses from the motor nerves to bring about a response.
Effectors
What are the 2 functional divisions of the PNS
- Somatic system (mostly voluntary control)
2. Autonomic System (involuntary)
What type of responses does the Somatic system control
Voluntary movements of skeletal muscle and some reflex actions.
What type of responses does the autonomic system control
Involuntary control of the internal environment eg. Heat rate, breathing, peristalsis, vasodilation
What 2 systems make up the autonomic nervous system
- Sympathetic system
2. Parasympathetic system
Word that means working in opposition.
Antagonistic
Word that means maintaining a stable internal environment
Homeostasis
4 effects of the sympathetic system being stimulated
- Increased Heart Rate
- Bronchioles relax and increase the volume of air in lung
- Decrease in peristalsis of the gut.
- adrenal glands stimulated
3 effects of the parasympathetic system being stimulated
- Heart rate decreases.
- Bronchioles contract and reduce volume of air in lung
- Peristalsis of the gut increases.
Name the 3 layers of the brain
- Central core
- Limbic system
- Cerebral cortex
The part of the brain that controls breathing and heart rate and its location
Medulla- in the central core
The part of the brain that controls balance and coordination and its location
Cerebellum- in the central core
The location in the brain of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
Limbic system
3 functions of the limbic system
- processing information for long-term memory
- Regulation of emotions
- Biological motivation (thirst, hunger, sex drive)
The name of the receptors in the hypothalamus that detect 1. Temperature and 2. Water concentration of the blood
- Thermoreceptors
2. Osmoreceptors
The largest and most complex part of the brain
Cerebral cortex
The name for the 2 halves of the cerebral cortex
Right cerebral hemisphere and left cerebral hemisphere.
The name for the link between the 2 cerebral hemispheres
corpus callosum
The 3 functional areas of the cerebral cortex
- sensory
- motor
- association
Describe the role of the sensory, association and motor areas of the cerebral cortex
Sensory- receives information as impulses
Association- analysis and interprets the impulses
Motor- sends impulses to effectors (eg. muscles)
Which cerebral hemisphere controls the left side of the body
The right cerebral hemisphere.
The area of the cortex responsible for interpreting sounds
Auditory area
The area of the cortex responsible for receiving impulses from the eyes
Visual area
Area of the cortex that is responsible for receiving impulses from skin, organs and muscles
Somatosensory
The side of the brain that has the speech motor area
The left side
The name for the links of nerves that work together to produce an integrated response
Interconnections
