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Pharmacology > Unit 3-Anxiolytics > Flashcards

Unit 3-Anxiolytics Flashcards

1
Q

Diazepam

Class

A

Benzodiazepine

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2
Q

Diazepam

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 43 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)

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3
Q

Diazepam

Uses

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; anticonvulsant; muscle relaxant

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4
Q

Diazepam

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA

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5
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

Class

A

Benzodiazepine

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6
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 10 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)

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7
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

Uses

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar

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8
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA

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9
Q

Lorazepam

Class

A

Benzodiazepine

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10
Q

Lorazepam

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 14 hours

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11
Q

Lorazepam

Uses

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; sedation; anticonvulsant; prevent withdrawal symptoms in alcoholics

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12
Q

Lorazepam

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA; directly conjugated into inactive metabolite

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13
Q

Flurazepam

Class

A

Benzodiazepine

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14
Q

Flurazepam

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 74 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)

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15
Q

Flurazepam

Uses

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar

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16
Q

Flurazepam

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA

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17
Q

Alprozolam

Class

A

Benzodiazepine

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18
Q

Alprozolam

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 12 hours

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19
Q

Alprozolam

Uses

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; sedation

20
Q

Alprazolam

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA

21
Q

Midazolam

Class

A

Benzodiazepine

22
Q

Midazolam

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 1.9 hours

23
Q

Midazolam

Uses

A

Anesthesia (calming effects, production of anterograde amnesia)

24
Q

Midazolam

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA

25
Q

Triazolam

Class

A

Benzodiazepine

26
Q

Triazolam

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 2.9 hours

27
Q

Triazolam

Uses

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; induce sleep

28
Q

Triazolam

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA

29
Q

Zolpidem

Class

A

Non-benzodiazepine receptor agonist

30
Q

Zolpidem

Mechanism

A

BDZ-1 selective agonist

31
Q

Zolpidem

Uses

A

Sedation and hypnosis without muscle relaxation or anticonvulsant activity

32
Q

Zolpidem

Side effects

A

Sleep-walking; next morning impairment

33
Q

Flumazenil

Class

A

Benzodiazepine antagonist

34
Q

Flumazenil

Mechanism

A

Competitive non-selective antagonist

35
Q

Flumazenil

Uses

A

Benzodiazapine overdose

36
Q

Flumazenil

Side effects

A

Withdrawal (may be life-threatening); seizures in mixed overdoses

Non uniform in reversal of respiratory depression

37
Q

Thiopental

Class

A

Barbiturate

38
Q

Thiopental

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist (binds a or b subunit); highly lipid soluble, fast-on, fast-off

39
Q

Thiopental

Uses

A

Induce anesthesia

40
Q

Thiopental

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, dose-dependent depression of CNS, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

Abrupt withdrawal life-threatening; redistribute from brain to muscle and fat, metabolized by liver; dosed based on lean body mass

41
Q

Phenobarbital

Class

A

Barbiturate

42
Q

Phenobarbital

Mechanism

A

GABAa agonist (binds a or b subunit)

43
Q

Phenobarbital

Uses

A

Antiepileptic, anticonvulsant

44
Q

Phenobarbital

Side effects

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, dose-dependent depression of CNS, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

Abrupt withdrawal life-threatening

45
Q

Buspirone

Mechanism

A

No GABAa interaction; may be partial agonist at 5HT1A

46
Q

Buspirone

Uses

A

Anxiolytic without marked sedation

Pharmacology (26 decks)

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