Unit 3-Anxiolytics Flashcards
Diazepam
Class
Benzodiazepine
Diazepam
Mechanism
GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 43 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)
Diazepam
Uses
Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; anticonvulsant; muscle relaxant
Diazepam
Side effects
Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)
“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA
Chlordiazepoxide
Class
Benzodiazepine
Chlordiazepoxide
Mechanism
GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 10 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)
Chlordiazepoxide
Uses
Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar
Chlordiazepoxide
Side effects
Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)
“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA
Lorazepam
Class
Benzodiazepine
Lorazepam
Mechanism
GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 14 hours
Lorazepam
Uses
Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; sedation; anticonvulsant; prevent withdrawal symptoms in alcoholics
Lorazepam
Side effects
Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)
“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA; directly conjugated into inactive metabolite
Flurazepam
Class
Benzodiazepine
Flurazepam
Mechanism
GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 74 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)
Flurazepam
Uses
Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar
Flurazepam
Side effects
Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)
“Ceiling effect” due to augmenting action of GABA
Alprozolam
Class
Benzodiazepine
Alprozolam
Mechanism
GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 12 hours