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Pharmacology > Unit 3-Antidepressants > Flashcards

Unit 3-Antidepressants Flashcards

1
Q

Tranylcypromine

Drug class

A

MAOi

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2
Q

Tranylcypromine

Mechanism

A

Irreversibly inhibit both MAOa and MAOb

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3
Q

Tranylcypromine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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4
Q

Tranylcypromine

Side effects

A
  • Hypertensive crisis (with tyramine-rich foods);
  • serotonin syndrome (MAOI + SSRI); agitation (rare), delerium –> seizures
  • Anticholinergic, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, sedation
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5
Q

Phenelzine

Drug class

A

MAOi

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6
Q

Phenelzine

Mechanism

A

Irreversibly inhibit both MAOa and MAOb

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7
Q

Phenelzine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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8
Q

Phenelzine

Side effects

A
  • Hypertensive crisis (with tyramine-rich foods)
  • serotonin syndrome (MAOI + SSRI); agitation (rare), delerium –> seizures
  • Anticholinergic, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, sedation
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9
Q

Desipramine

Drug class

A

Tricyclic

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10
Q

Desipramine

Mechanism

A
  • Block reuptake of NE or 5-HT at varying potencies and selectivity;
  • also variably block muscarinic, a-adrenergic, dopamine, and histamine receptors
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11
Q

Desipramine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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12
Q

Desipramine

Side effects

A
  • Sympathomimetic (cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects, especially at OD)
  • Antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation (additive with alcohol), seizures
  • Not very safe; rarely used anymore
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13
Q

Imipramine

Drug class

A

Tricyclic

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14
Q

Imipramine

Mechanism

A
  • Block reuptake of NE or 5-HT at varying potencies and selectivity; also variably block muscarinic, a-adrenergic, dopamine, and histamine receptors
  • forms active metabolite (desipramine)
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15
Q

Imipramine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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16
Q

Imipramine

Side effects

A
  • Sympathomimetic (cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects, especially at OD)
  • Antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation (additive with alcohol), seizures
  • Not very safe; rarely used anymore;
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17
Q

Amitriptyline

Drug class

A

Tricyclic

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18
Q

Amitriptyline

Mechanism

A

Block reuptake of NE or 5-HT at varying potencies and selectivity; also variably block muscarinic, a-adrenergic, dopamine, and histamine receptors

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19
Q

Amitriptyline

Uses

A
  • Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism;
  • prevention of tension headaches, migraines
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20
Q

Amitriptyline

Side effects

A
  • Sympathomimetic (cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects, especially at OD)
  • Antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation (additive with alcohol), seizures
  • Not very safe; rarely used anymore;
  • forms active metabolite (nortriptyline)
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21
Q

Nortriptyline

Drug class

A

Tricyclic

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22
Q

Nortriptyline

Mechanism

A

Block reuptake of NE or 5-HT at varying potencies and selectivity; also variably block muscarinic, a-adrenergic, dopamine, and histamine receptors

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23
Q

Nortriptyline

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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24
Q

Nortriptyline

Side effects

A
  • Sympathomimetic (cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects, especially at OD)
  • Antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation (additive with alcohol), seizures
  • Not very safe; rarely used anymore
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25
Q

Fluoxetine

Drug class

A

SSRI

26
Q

Fluoxetine

Mechanism

A

Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)

27
Q

Fluoxetine

Mechanism

A

Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)

28
Q

Fluoxetine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism; pre-menstrual dystrophic disorder

29
Q

Fluoxetine

Side effects

A
  • Serotonin syndrom (with MAOIs)
  • Fewer than tricyclics;
  • mostly nausea, decreased sexual function
  • Potent P450 inhibitor;
  • forms active metabolite (norfluoxetine)
30
Q

Paroxetine

Drug class

A

SSRI

31
Q

Paroxetine

Mechanism

A

Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)

32
Q

Paroxetine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

33
Q

Paroxetine

Side effects

A
  • Serotonin syndrome (with MAOIs)
  • Fewer than tricyclics;
  • mostly nausea, decreased sexual function
  • Potent P450 inhibitor
34
Q

Sertraline

Drug class

A

SSRI

35
Q

Sertraline

Mechanism

A

Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)

36
Q

Sertraline

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

37
Q

Sertraline

Side effects

A
  • Serotonin syndrome (with MAOIs)
  • Fewer than tricyclics;
  • mostly nausea, decreased sexual function
38
Q

Escitalopram

Drug class

A

SSRI

39
Q

Escitalopram

Mechanism

A

Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)

40
Q

Escitalopram

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

41
Q

Escitalopram

Side effects

A
  • Serotonin syndrome (with MAOIs)
  • Fewer than tricyclics;
  • mostly nausea, decreased sexual function
42
Q

Citalopram

Drug class

A

SSRI

43
Q

Citalopram

Mechanism

A

Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)

44
Q

Citalopram

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

45
Q

Citalopram

Side effects

A
  • Serotonin syndrome (with MAOIs)
  • Fewer than tricyclics;
  • mostly nausea, decreased sexual function
46
Q

Duloxetine

Drug class

A

SNRI

47
Q

Duloxetine

Mechanism

A

Inhibits reuptake of 5-HT and NE

48
Q

Duloxetine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

49
Q

Venlafaxine

Drug class

A

SNRI

50
Q

Venlafaxine

Mechanism

A

Inhibits reuptake of 5-HT and NE

51
Q

Venlafaxine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

52
Q

Buproprion

Drug class

A

Atypical

53
Q

Buproprion

Mechanism

A

Blocks DA and NE reuptake

54
Q

Buproprion

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism; maintain nicotine abstinence in quitting smokers

55
Q

Buproprion

Side effects

A

Lowers seizure threshold

56
Q

Mirtazapine

Drug class

A

atypical

57
Q

Mirtazapine

Mechanism

A

5HT2a antagonists; also inhibit 5HT reuptake

58
Q

Mirtazapine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

59
Q

Lithium

Mechanism

A

Unknown; lithium depletes secondary messengers IP3 and DAG, important in a-adrenergic and muscarinic-cholinergic transmission

60
Q

Lithium

Uses

A
  • Anti-manic/mood-stabilizing (bipolar);
  • long-term cluster headache prevention
61
Q

Lithium

Side effects

A
  • If elevated levels: neurotoxicity, cardiac toxicity, renal dysfunction
  • Drowsiness, weight gain, tremor, polydipsia, polyuria
  • Nausea and vomiting early sign of lithium OD;
  • indomethacin and Na-depleting diuretics should be avoided (increase [Li])

Pharmacology (26 decks)

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