unit 3

Question 1

enzymes

Answer 1

proteins with specific structure that enables them to combine or break down substrate molcules by lowering activation energy

Question 2

substrate compatibility

Answer 2

enzymes are specific to substrate they are supposed to act on, highly specific, conformational change

Question 3

active site

Answer 3

where a substrate binds to an enzyme

Question 4

cofactors

Answer 4

allows enzyme to function, activates it

Question 5

competitive inhibitor

Answer 5

blocks active site

Question 6

noncompetitive inhibitor

Answer 6

binds to location other than the active site and changes form so substrate can’t bind

Question 7

catalyst

Answer 7

enzymes are catalysts because they speed up chemical reactions

Question 8

activation energy

Answer 8

amount of energy needed to kick off a chemical reaction (enzymes decrease this)

Question 9

factors that affect reaction rate of enzymes

Answer 9

temperature, pH, solute concentration

Question 10

metabolism

Answer 10

totality of all chemical reactions in cell

Question 11

catabolic/exergonic

Answer 11

spontaneous (energy not required), releases energy, photosynthesis

Question 12

anabolic, endergonic

Answer 12

not spontaneous (energy required), requires energy, cell respiration

Question 13

energy

Answer 13

capacity to cause change or do work

Question 14

cell respiration

Answer 14

anabolic reaction (building up ATP), sugar + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + ATP