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Bio adv > Unit 2 test > Flashcards

Unit 2 test Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is water made of

A

2 hydrogens and 1 oxegen

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2
Q

what charge does a hydrogen atom have

A

positive

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3
Q

what charge does an oxygen atom have

A

negative

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4
Q

what allows water molecules to attract other water molecules

A

the charges

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5
Q

what happens when a negative oxygen in one water molecule attracts a positive hydrogen in another water molecule

A

a hydrogen bond is formed

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6
Q

what is it called when water is attracted to water

A

cohesion

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7
Q

what is surface tension

A

a tightness across the surface of water that makes water skeeters able to walk on water

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8
Q

what is it called when water is attracted to other objects

A

adhesion

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9
Q

what is it called when water creeps up roots and stems

A

capillary action

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10
Q

what is specific heat

A

the amount of heat needed to change water’s temp

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11
Q

how much of earth is water

A

75%

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12
Q

what is a solution made of

A

a solvent and a solute

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13
Q

what is a molecule that can dissolve water called

A

hydrophilic

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14
Q

what is a molecule that can’t dissolve water called

A

hydrophobic

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15
Q

what is unique about water regarding it’s density

A

it’s less dense when it’s frozen

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16
Q

what is the definition of organic

A

made of carbon

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17
Q

what are the 4 major macromolecules

A

proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates

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18
Q

what is a main funtion of carbs

A

stores quick energy

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19
Q

what is a main function of lipids

A

stores long term energy

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20
Q

what is a main funtion of protein

A

helps build muscle, fights disease, regulates cell funtions

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21
Q

what is a polymer

A

a large molecule made of many smaller, repeating subunits called monomers

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22
Q

what is the monomer for lipids

A

triglyceride (glycerol and 3 fatty acid chains)

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23
Q

polysaccharide monomer

A

monosaccharide

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24
Q

protein monomer

A

amino acid

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25
Q

what macromolecule is glucose

A

carbs

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26
Q

what macromolecule is sucrose

A

carb

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27
Q

what macromolecule is fructose

A

carb

28
Q

what macromolecule is fats

A

lipids

29
Q

what macromolecule is steroids

A

lipids

30
Q

what macromolecule is oil

A

lipids

31
Q

what macromolecule is wax

A

lipids

32
Q

what macromolecule is cholesterol

A

lipids

33
Q

what macromolecule is amino acids

A

protiens

34
Q

what bonds link amino acids together

A

polymer

35
Q

what is the formula for glucose

A

C6H12O6

36
Q

why is the shape of a protein important

A

the shape determins the funtion

37
Q

what number on the ph scale is nuetral

A

7

38
Q

what numbers on the ph scale are acids

A

0-6.9

39
Q

what numbers on the ph scale is bases

A

7.1-14

40
Q

what represents acids

A

H+

41
Q

what represents bases

A

OH-

42
Q

what type of macromolecule is an enzyme

A

proteins

43
Q

what is the term for breaking/hurting an enzyme

A

denature

43
Q

what are enzymes/what do they do

A

catalysts/speed up the process

44
Q

how does denaturing happen

A

change in temp, ph, or adding activators or inhibitors

45
Q

define element

A

only made of one kind of atom and can’t be broken down more

46
Q

what are the 6 basic elements of life

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur

47
Q

how much human mass do the 6 basic elements of life take up

A

over 96%

48
Q

what is a compound

A

2+ atoms of 2+ elements

49
Q

whats and h-bond

A

incomplete bond w/ weak attraction

50
Q

what does a chemical formula do

A

tells type and number of atoms

51
Q

whats matter

A

anything that has mass and takes up space

52
Q

what are the perks of earth being 75% water

A

keeps temp stable, coastal mild climates, stable marine environment

53
Q

whats the abbreviation for carbohydrates

A

CHO1:2:1

54
Q

whats the abbreviation for lipids

A

CHO 1:2:<1

55
Q

whats the abbreviation for protiens

A

CHON

56
Q

whats the abbreviation for Nucleic acids

A

CHONP

57
Q

what are starch polysaccharides made of

A

glucose monosaccharides

58
Q

what molecule is H+

A

hydrogen

59
Q

what molecule is OH-

A

hydroxide

60
Q

what does a logarithmic scale mean

A

each step on the scale is 10x more or less

61
Q

do chemical reactions take place in all living things?

A

yes

62
Q

what are chemical reactions

A

charging one set of molecules to another

63
Q

what three letters do enzymes always end in

A

ase

64
Q
A

Bio adv (8 decks)

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