DNA replication, DNA, RNA, Transcription, Translation Flashcards
where does DNA replication take place
nucleus
what happens during dna replication
dna is spilt and two identical strands are made
steps of dna
dna unzips
nucleotides bind to new strand
2 new strands are formed
helicase
the unziping enzyme (breaks bonds)
dna polymerase
the enzyme that joins nucleotides to make new dna
semi conservitave replication
each strand has 1/2 of the origional DNA strand
dna replication occurs when
before mitosis in the s phase of interphase
primase
builds the polymer
ligase
connects dna fragments (okazaki fragments)
which way does dna polymerase read
3-5
which way does dna polymerase build
5-3
protein synthesis
the process of building proteins by using the code in DNA
central dogma of biology
dna-rna-protein-traits
what does rna stand for
ribose nucleic acid
what is rna made up of
sugar and a phosphate backbone and a nitrogen base
mrna
carries the instructions to make protiens from nucleus to the cytoplasm
rrna
found in ribosomes
trna
carries amino acids to the ribosomes and matches them to the mrna strand
how is rna made in eukaryotes
transcription
transcription
dna is copied by an enzyme and forms mrna
steps of transcription
-dna unzips
-rna polmerase uses a dna strand as a template to assemble the nucleotides into a strand of rna
where does rna start
promoter regions
promoter regions
areas on the rna strand that signal rna polymerase to start making rna
introns
removed from mrna they are cut out and discarded (in the way)
