Unit 2: Research Methods

Question 1

Hindsight Bias

Answer 1

After knowing an outcome, tend to believe you knew it all along

Question 2

Confirmation Bias

Answer 2

Looking for evidence to support our belief and ignore CONTRADICTING EVIDENCE

Question 3

Overconfidence

Answer 3

An overestimation

Question 4

Theory

Answer 4

General thought or idea based on past experienes

Question 5

Hypothesis

Answer 5

An educated guess

If…then

Question 6

Operational definition

Answer 6

Clarify or quantify variables

Question 7

Replication

Answer 7

Be able to recreate and get similar results

Question 8

Case Study

Answer 8

In depth analysis

Question 9

Survey

Answer 9

Series of questions, either face to face or on paper

Question 10

Independent variable

Answer 10

What changes

Question 11

Dependent Variable

Answer 11

s

What u r measuring

Question 12

Control Group

Answer 12

“Normal” condition

Question 13

Experimental Group

Answer 13

Idea being tested

Question 14

Cross sectional study

Answer 14

When one compares 2 different populations results of a study

(Freshmen v seniors)

Question 15

Longitudinal

Answer 15

Repeat a research study over a long period of time

Question 16

Population

Answer 16

A group of participants

Question 17

Random Sample

Answer 17

In an experiment each participate has an equal chance of being in the control or experimental group

Question 18

Single Blind Procedure

Answer 18

Participants Do not know who received the real treatment and who received the placebo

Question 19

Double Blind Procedure

Answer 19

Nobody knows who received what

Done by an outside sources

Question 20

Placebo effect

Answer 20

When a person believes something works even though it truly has no effect

Question 21

Mean

Answer 21

Average

Question 22

Median

Answer 22

Middle number

Question 23

Mode

Answer 23

Most

Question 24

Range

Answer 24

Largest- smallest

Question 25

Standard Deviation

Answer 25

Number that tells us how spread our data is from the mean

Question 26

Statistical significance

Answer 26

Tells us the likelihood of results from the experiment happened because of the independent variable

Question 27

Critical Judgment

Answer 27

the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment.

Question 28

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 28

Observing subjects in their natural environemnt

Question 29

Correlation Coefficient

Answer 29

a number between −1 and +1 calculated so as to represent the linear dependence of two variables or sets of data

Question 30

Illusory Correlation

Answer 30

is the phenomenon of perceiving a relationship between variables (typically people, events, or behaviors) even when no such relationship exists.

Question 31

Random Assignment

Answer 31

Must have an equal opportunity to be in the control or experimental group

Question 32

Culture

Answer 32

Traditions past on from one group to another

Question 33

Debriefing

Answer 33

Post experimental explanation to its participants

Question 34

Confounding variable

Answer 34

A factor other then the independent variable that would cause an effect

Question 35

Informed consent

Answer 35

Ethical principle of which participants are told enough, to decide if they want to be in the study or not

Question 36

Participant Bias

Answer 36

Where participants act in a way of which they believe is expect from them

Question 37

Frequency Distribution

Answer 37

looks at how frequently certain things happen within a sample of values