Unit 2 Quizes

Question 1

what term can be definied as “an open looped control system that triggers and sequences movements.” Pre-packaged set of instructions.

Answer 1

Motor Program

Question 2

What are the two componets of closed loop control?

Answer 2

Excecutive
Effector

Question 3

List TWO lines of origiaonal researched-based evidenece that indicate that use of motor program.

Answer 3

RT and Movement complexity
Deafferentation Experiments
Limb blocking experiments

Question 4

pre-packaged instructions in long-term memory that triggers and sequences movement

Answer 4

Motor progam

Question 5

Movement “script” that contains muscular contraction reflectivley in response to input

Answer 5

motor program

Question 6

inhereted system for repetive/rhythmical momvements such as locomotion and chewing

Answer 6

CPG—Centeral Pattern Generator

Question 7

Example of the sensory input can affect movements not undet sensory input can affect mobvements bot under closed loop control

Answer 7

reflexive reversal phenomon

Question 8

demonstraied that some movements finger ince triggered, could not be stopped (providing evidence for a motor program)

Answer 8

Salter-Hammel’s Experiment

Question 9

Electrical activity in muscle whether or not activity occurs

Answer 9

EMG and Limb blocking

Question 10

Demonstrating that learned moevemnet scan occur even without sensory feedback iformation

Answer 10

Deafforation experiment

Question 11

cordinated series of miscular retractions reflexivley contraction force

Answer 11

triggard reaction

Question 12

Whatstudy shows that Reaction time increases as movement complexity insreases

Answer 12

Henery Rogers Experiement
(gong)

Question 13

Example: lower back and leg extensors contract to stabilize the body while performing the movement.

Answer 13

Postural Adjustments

Question 14

What term can be defined as “a skeletal framework for movement control, characterized by adjustable parameters”? (Don’t abbreviate.)

Answer 14

Generalized Motor Program

Question 15

List THREE GMP parameters that can be modified to meet the movement goals.

Answer 15

Movement time, Movement Amplitude, and Different effector systems.

Question 16

What is the primary parameter adjusted when you switch from writing with your dominant hand to writing with your non-dominant hand?

Answer 16

The effector system.
Different limbs and muscle groups.

Question 17

While the total speed of a movement may vary, the relative speeds of the components of the movement remain constant. This invariance is referred to as:

Answer 17

relative timing
(Unchangeable)

Answer 18

Every generalized motor program has parameters that are subject to change, such as movement time, movement amplitude, and the effector system. When we write, we can write big or small, fast or slow, or with different parts of our body. When we run, we can run at different speeds or take a larger stride, and so on. The one thing that won’t change for GMP is the relative timing of a movement. Relative timing is the order in which muscles contract to create a motor program. If the steps or components are done out of order, then it is not the same action. If I go to leap and I extend my legs before I pile to jump in the air, it’s no longer a leap. So, relative timing must stay the same for a recognizable GMP.

Question 19

Movement control system for relatively rapid tasks that involves only the executive and effector.

Answer 19

Open loop control

Question 20

Pre-planned set of instructions that defines a pattern or skeletal framework of movement, which can be altered by adjusting various parameters.

Answer 20

GMP

Question 21

General term for the characteristics of a movement that remain constant (while the parameters of that movement can change).

Answer 21

invariant features

Question 22

Measure of the temporal structure of a movement, in which the ratios of the durations of the various movement components remain the same (e.g., if overall movement speed increases, muscles still contract in the same order for a proportionate amount of time).

Answer 22

Relative Timing

Question 23

General term for the adjustable components of movement, such as movement time or amplitude.

Answer 23

Surface Feature

Question 24

When performing a Fitts’ tapping task, increasing this parameter will result in an increase in movement time.

Answer 24

Movment Amplitutde

Question 25

Tendency for the spatial variability of movement end points to increase (i.e., scatter farther from the target) as performers increase the velocity of discrete aiming tasks.

Answer 25

Linear-speed-accuracy

Question 26

When performing a Fitts’ tapping task, decreasing this parameter will result in an increase in movement time.

Answer 26

Target Width

Question 27

Required of aiming movements for which positioning of the movement’s end point (relative to the target) is important to task performance (e.g., hitting a ball off of a tee).

Answer 27

Spatial Accuracy

Question 28

Principle of movement control for rapid repetitive aiming tasks, whereby movement time is linearly related to the index of difficulty (i.e., if index of difficulty increases, so does movement time).

Answer 28

Fitts’ Law