Unit 2: Module 4.3 Politics

Question 1

Political Anthropology

Answer 1

Study of how people take action, decide, lead, empower and resolve conflict within a group. How power is constructed, maintained or contested.

Question 2

Power

Answer 2

Ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence (ability to get things done)

Question 3

Bands

Answer 3

Small loosely organized groups, egalitarian, situational leaders, input of all members

Question 4

Tribes

Answer 4

Multi-band population, common ancestor, horticulture and pastoralism, similar lifestyle language, know each other, leader headman resolves conflict.

Question 5

Headman

Answer 5

Leader of tribe power comes from influence, don’t have any real power. Redistribute goods and resolve conflicts.

Question 6

Chiefdom

Answer 6

Some hierarchy, several tribes, formal leadership roles chiefs (born into) have authority but no coercive power(army), Power comes from personality and respect.

Question 7

States

Answer 7

Centralized, bureaucratic structure, coercive power (use of force), secondary social organizations (not everyone knows each other), cities, large populations, specialized jobs, not dependent on kinship, establish monopoly, standing armies, police force, institutions, legal systems, power, borders

Question 8

Elman

Answer 8

4 basic political systems: bands, tribes, chiefdoms and states

Question 9

Incarceration

Answer 9

Mass incarceration in US (people in prison) other countries do not. Way we deal with people outside norms/ break laws.

Question 10

Militarization

Answer 10

Contested social process a society organizes the production of military violence.

Question 11

Mead and militarization

Answer 11

Argues that war is not innate and is invented, learned and constructed by people.

Question 12

Nordstrom

Answer 12

Wars are not isolated conflicts, supported by world networks providing lots of money and resources. “Business of war” global operation.

Question 13

Agency

Answer 13

The potential power of individual and groups to effect change or contest the structures, practices, or values that create hegemonic power.

Question 14

Social Movements

Answer 14

Group of people who work together for a common purpose. Ex:protests, activism. Occupy wall street

Question 15

Civil Society

Answer 15

Grouping of private individuals around a common goal, doesn’t have to be political. Develop trust between citizens and maintain society. Includes the media.
Ex: Non governmental organizations NGOS research and influence policy.

Question 16

Three spheres of society

Answer 16

Government sphere (institutions, education, health care etc.), private sphere (companies, corporations) civil society (groups with common goal)

Question 17

Jeffrey Juris

Answer 17

Social movements rely on virtual and physical components and compelling slogans