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A HEIM 230 > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

or/o, stomat/o

A

mouth

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2
Q

bucc

A

cheeks

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3
Q

lingu/o, gloss/o

A

tongue

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4
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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5
Q

rugae

A

ridges in mouth

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6
Q

uvul/o

A

uvula

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7
Q

mastication

A

chewing

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8
Q

bolus

A

Mass of food mixed with saliva

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9
Q

papillae

A

contain receptor organs at back of tongue

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10
Q

tonsils

A

lingual, palatine, pharyngeal

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11
Q

dent/i, odont/o

A

teeth

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12
Q

Deciduous Teeth

A

baby teeth (born with 20)

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13
Q

adult teeth

A

32

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14
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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15
Q

dentin and cementum

A

connective tissue that covers teeth for root support

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16
Q

periodontal membrane

A

surrounds cementum, holds tooth in place in socket

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17
Q

pulp cavity

A

full of connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves and soft, delicate tissue filling the center of the tooth

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18
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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19
Q

sialaden/o

A

salivary glands

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20
Q

extrinsic salivary glands

A

parotid (near the ear), the submandibular, and the sublingual

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21
Q

-ase

A

enzyme

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22
Q

prote/o

A

protein

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23
Q

pharyng/o

A

throat

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24
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

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25
Q

-stalsis

A

contraction

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26
Q

sphincters

A

rings of muscle on bottom and top of stomach

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27
Q

sections of stomach

A

fundus, the body, and the pylorus

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28
Q

villi

A

nutrient absorption

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29
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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30
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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31
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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32
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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33
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon, large intestine

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34
Q

append/o, appendic/o

A

appendix

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35
Q

sections of large intenstine

A

cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus

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36
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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37
Q

de-

A

removal of

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38
Q

fec/o

A

feces

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39
Q

-ation

A

process of

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40
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

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41
Q

an/o

A

anus

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42
Q

layers of peritoneum

A

parital, visceral

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43
Q

bil/i, chol/e

A

bile

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44
Q

bilirubin

A

enters liver to make up bile

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45
Q

path of bile

A

hepatic duct, stored in gallbladder, cystic duct, common bile duct

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46
Q

gluc/o, glyc/o

A

sugar

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47
Q

amyl/o

A

starch

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48
Q

steat/o, lip/o

A

fat

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49
Q

glycogenolysis

A

glycogen to glucose

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50
Q

gluconeogenesis

A

proteins and fats to glucose

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51
Q

pancreas function

A

secrete enzymes and insulin

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52
Q

chyme

A

food in stomach

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53
Q

process in mouth

A

mixed with enzymes in saliva

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54
Q

deglutition

A

swallowing

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55
Q

ileocecal sphincter

A

connection between ileum and cecum

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56
Q

crown

A

part of tooth above gum line

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57
Q

Enamel

A

The outermost protective layer of the crown

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58
Q

types of teeth

A

incisors, canines (cuspids), molars

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59
Q

eti/o

A

cause

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60
Q

idi/o

A

unknown

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61
Q

dental caries

A

tooth decay

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62
Q

Aphthous stomatitis

A

canker sore

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63
Q

Leukoplakia

A

pre cancerous white patches in mouth

64
Q

eructation

A

burp

65
Q

flatus

A

gas expelled from anus

66
Q

Flatulence

A

process of excessive gas

67
Q

-orexia

A

appetite

68
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

69
Q

borborygmus

A

rumbling noises of stomach

70
Q

hemorrhoids

A

twisted varicose veins in the rectum

71
Q

steatorrhea

A

improper absorption of fats

72
Q

melena

A

blood in feces

73
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

contents of stomach return to mouth

74
Q

esophageal varices

A

swollen varicose veins

75
Q

Achalasia

A

Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle to relax

76
Q

-chalasia

A

relaxation

77
Q

Barrett esophagus

A

precedes cancer, caused by repeated reflux from stomach which causes abnormal cells

78
Q

peptic ulcer

A

defect in lining, two types:
-gastric
-duodenal

79
Q

cause of ulcers

A

acid and bacteria

80
Q

irritable bowel syndrome

A

constipation, diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal pain all occur together

81
Q

ileus

A

failure of peristalsis

82
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping of intestines

83
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of intestine upon itself

84
Q

inguinal hernia

A

protrusion of bowel through the abdominal fascia

85
Q

dysentery

A

Ingesting food or water contaminated with viruses, parasites, or protozoa can cause a condition characterized by painful abdominal cramping, fever, inflamed intestines, and diarrhea containing blood

86
Q

Crohn disease

A

type of IBS, chronic inflammation of GI tract

87
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal tubelike passageway near the anus

88
Q

anal fissure

A

painful narrow slit in the mucous membrane of the anus

89
Q

polyp

A

benign growth that protrudes from a mucous membrane

90
Q

hematochezia

A

feces contains bright red blood

91
Q

abcess

A

infected area

92
Q

Diverticulosis

A

abnormal outpouching (diverticulum) in the wall of the colon

93
Q

Diverticulitis

A

complication of diverticulosis (trapping of undigested food or bacteria in a diverticulum)

94
Q

jaundice or icterus

A

yellowing of the skin, tissues, and whites of the eyes

95
Q

Hyperbilirubinemia

A

condition in which too much bilirubin is in the blood

96
Q

hepatitis A

A

virus found in contaminated food or water

97
Q

hepatitis B

A

parenterally acquired through blood and body fluids

98
Q

hepatitis C

A

can be acquired through blood or blood products, through sexual contact

99
Q

cirrhosis

A

degeneration of liver tissue

100
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

101
Q

cholelithiasis

A

gallstones

102
Q

Cholecystitis

A

inflammation and infection of gallbladder

103
Q

choledocholithiasis

A

stones block both gallbladder and bile ducts

104
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

105
Q

lith/o

A

stone

106
Q

Steatorrhea

A

greater than normal amount of fat in feces

107
Q

another name for pancreatoduodenectomy

A

Whipple procedure

108
Q

parenteral

A

nutrition entering body not through GI tract

109
Q

enteral

A

nutrients enter body through GI tract (bypass to small intestine)

110
Q

par-

A

other than

111
Q

ileostomy

A

removal of entire colon

112
Q

polypectomy

A

removal of polyps

113
Q

calculus

A

medical term for a stone

114
Q

mesentery

A

a covering that allows for free movement of the intestines

115
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

116
Q

-pepsia

A

digestion

117
Q

-phagia

A

swallowing/eating

118
Q

esophageal stenosis

A

narrowing / stricture of esophagus

119
Q

-stasis

A

stopping, controlling, or standing still

120
Q

-spasm

A

involuntary contraction

121
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture

122
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

123
Q

cheil/o and labi/o

A

lips

124
Q

odont/o

A

teeth

125
Q

steat/o

A

fat

126
Q

cholangi/o

A

vessel that carries bile

127
Q

computed tomography

A

cross-sectional view of organs

128
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

uses magnetic waves to see all three planes of the body

129
Q

scintigraphy

A

injected radioisotopes

130
Q

HIDA (hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid) scan

A

check bile-excreting functions after a liver transplant

131
Q

stool guaiac test (FOBT)

A

detects occult blood in stool

132
Q

liver function tests

A

tests for presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood (and ALTs and ASTs (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase)) which includes serum bilirubin

133
Q

serum bilirubin test

A

measures conjugated bilirubin in blood, can diagnose liver disease

134
Q

bariatric surgery (gastric bypass)

A

reducing size of stomach

135
Q

a barium enema is used with

A

a lower gastrointestinal series

136
Q

cholescintigraphy (HIDA)

A

type of nuclear imaging to determine if the gallbladder is functioning properly

137
Q

bar/o

A

weight

138
Q

Cholangiography

A

radiographic examination of the biliary system

139
Q

GB

A

gallbladder

140
Q

BE

A

barium enema

141
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

142
Q

G tube

A

gastrostomy tube

143
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

144
Q

IBD

A

inflammatory bowel disease

145
Q

BRBPR

A

bright red blood per rectum

146
Q

HBV

A

hepatitis B virus

147
Q

TPN

A

Total parenteral nutrition

148
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

149
Q

NG

A

nasogastric

150
Q

PEG

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

151
Q

PEJ

A

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy

152
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

153
Q

-ectasia

A

stretching

154
Q

upper gastrointestinal series

A

series of x-rays of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth

155
Q

nasogastric tube

A

remove fluid from stomach through mouth

156
Q

T tube

A

placed in the bile duct for draining into a small pouch outside the body

A HEIM 230 (8 decks)

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