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Spinal TRI 2 > Unit 15, The Head (Final exam) > Flashcards

Unit 15, The Head (Final exam) Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the skull is derived from endochondral ossification?

A

Chondrocranium

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2
Q

Which skull bones are ossified by both endochondral and intramembranous ossification?

A

1) Mandible
2) Sphenoid
3) Temporal
4) Occipital

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3
Q

Which bone of the appendicular skeleton is formed by both endochondral and intramembranous ossification?

A

Clavicle

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4
Q

What are the four subclassifications of synarthrosis joints based on Latin groupings?

A

1) Suture
2) Gomphosis
3) Schindylesis
4) Syndesmosis

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of sutura vera (true sutures)

A

Sutures demonstrating interlocking of the adjacent bone surfaces; typically formed by intramembranous ossification.

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of sutura notha (false sutures)?

A

Sutures lacking interlocking of adjacent bone surfaces; typically formed by endochondral ossification.

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7
Q

What is the classification of a joint with a “fissure-like” condition?

A

Schindylesis

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8
Q

What is the classification of a joint with a “nail-like” condition?

A

Gomphosis

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9
Q

What is the name given to the indention of bone between the nasal and frontal bones?

A

Nasion

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10
Q

What is the name given to the outline of the nasal cavity at the front of the skull?

A

Piriform aperture

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11
Q

What is the name given to the aveolar jugum of the canine tooth in the maxilla?

A

Canine eminence

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12
Q

What forms a bullet-like chin?

A

Large mental protuberance

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13
Q

What forms an indented chin?

A

Well developed bilateral mental tubercles and a slight mental protuberance

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14
Q

What is the tip of the external occipital protuberance called?

A

The INION

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15
Q

What is the appearance of suture intersections just above the zygomatic arch called?

A

The Pterion

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16
Q

What is the appearance of suture intersections just above the mastoid process called?

A

The Asterion

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17
Q

What points on the skull are used to measure the skull size?

A

1) Nasion
2) Vertex
3) Inion
4) Gnathion

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18
Q

What points on the skull are used to measure cranial vault capacity?

A

1) Nasion
2) Vertex
3) Inion

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19
Q

What is the appearance of the suture intersections over the hard palate called?

A

Cruciate or Cruciform suture

20
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Line drawn along the lesser wing of the sphenoid,

Anterior clinoid processes, and sphenoidal jugum.

21
Q

An emissary vein leaves the anterior cranial fossa via what opening?

A

Foramen Cecum

22
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the middle cranial fossa?

A

Superior border of petrous part of temporal bone,

Posterior clinoid processes and dorsum sella of sphenoid bone

23
Q

What passes through the cribriform plate?

A

Fila Olfactoria of cranial nerve 1, Olfactory nerve

24
Q

What bony feature is prominent in the median plane of the middle cranial fossa?

A

Sella turcica

25
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via middle cranial fossa ostia?

A

Cranial nerves II, III, IV, V, and VI

26
Q

What are the contents of the optic canal?

A

Optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

27
Q

What are the contents of the superior orbital fissure?

A

1) Ophthalmic veins
2) Oculomotor nerve
3) Trochlear nerve
4) Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve
4) Abducent nerve

28
Q

Which single opening will allow the exit of the greatest number of cranial nerves?

A

Superior orbital fissure

29
Q

What is unique about the ophthalmic artery and veins?

A

They do not share the same opening.

Ophthalmic artery—-optic canal
Ophthalmic vein—- superior orbital fissure

30
Q

What are the contents of the foramen ovale?

A

1) Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (Vc)

2) Lesser petrosal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

31
Q

What are the contents of the foramen spinosum?

A

1) Nervus spinosus from the mandiblular division of the trigeminal nerve.
2) Middle meningeal artery

32
Q

What forms the roof of the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Tentorium cerebelli

33
Q

What part of the central nerve system occupies the posterior cranial fossa?

A

1) Cerebellum
2) Pons
3) Medulla Oblongata

34
Q

What bony feature is prominent in the median plane of the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Clivus or basilar part of the occipital bone

35
Q

Which cranial nerves exit posterior cranial fossa ostia?

A 
VII (facial)
VIII (vestibulocochlear/auditory)
IX (glossopharyngeal)
X (vagus)
XI (spinal accessory)
XII (Hypoglossal)
36
Q

What are the contents of the internal acoustic meatus?

A

VII (facial)
VIII (Vestibulocochlear/auditory nerve)
Nervus intermedius/ nerve of wrisberg/sensory root of VII and the motor root of VII,
Vestibular and cochlear roots of VIII and the internal/ auditory/internal labyrinthine artery and vein.

37
Q

What are the contents of the jugular foramen?

A

1) Jugular bulb
2) Inferior petrosal sinus
3) Tympanic body/tympanic glomus or jugular body/glomus
4) IX (glossopharyngeal)
5) X (vagus)
6) XI (spinal accessory)

38
Q

What can the five layers of the scalp spell?

A 
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum
39
Q

What are the principal sources of blood to the scalp?

A

Internal carotid A.

External carotid A.

40
Q

Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory information from the scalp?

A

All 3.

1) Ophthalmic 2) Maxillary 3) Mandibular

41
Q

What is the third layer of the scalp associated with?

A

Muscular component of the scalp

42
Q

What muscle(s) are specifically associated with the scalp?

A

1) Frontalis belly epicranius

2) Occipitalis belly epicranius

43
Q

The bellies of the epicranius muscle are connected by what structure?

A

Galea aponeurotica

44
Q

What specific nerves provide motor control to the scalp muscle?

A

Facial nerve: Posterior auricular and temporal branches

45
Q

What is unusual/unique about the muscles of the face?

A

They do not act as lever muscle.

They do not attach bone to bone.

46
Q

Which muscles lack any attachment to bone?

A

Orbicularis Oris
Procerus
Risorius

47
Q

What type of motor fibers to skeletal muscle are given off by the facial nerve?

A

Branchial efferent (BE)

Spinal TRI 2 (13 decks)

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