Unit 13: Treatment of Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Eclectic approach
an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy
Psychotherapy
treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth
Psychoanalysis
Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences - and the therapists interpretations of them - released previously repressed feelings, allowing patient self-insight
Free association
just talk
Resistance
in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material
Interpretation
in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight
Transference
in psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)
Psychodynamic therapy
therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight
Humanistic therapies
attempt to reduce inner conflicts that are holding back natural growth by giving new insights
Insight therapies
a variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the client’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses
Client-centered therapy
a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening with a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate client’s growth
Active listening
empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy
Unconditonal psotivie regard
a caring, accepting, non judgemental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance
Behavior therapies
apply learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
Counter-conditoning
a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new response to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditoning
Exposure therapies
behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treats anxieties by exposing people (an imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid
Systematic desensitizaton
a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias
Virtual reality exposure therapy
an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to stimulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking
Aversive conditioning
a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant sate (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)
Token economy
an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats
Cognitive therapy
therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions
Aaron Beck’s cognitive therapy for depression
reversing a client’s catastrophizing beliefs about themselves, their situations and their futures. Gentle questioning seeks to reveal irrational thinking, and to help remove the dark glasses through which they view life
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)
Family therapy
therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members
