Unit 10 Grammar Structures

Question 1

How do you make ‘some…’ words?

Answer 1

Question words + か

e.g. どこ+か ＝ Somewhere

Question 2

How do you make ‘no…’ words?

Answer 2

Question word + も + Negative form of noun/verb/adj
e.g.
だれも＋….ません = Nobody
どこも＋ ….ない = Nowhere

Sometime can be expressed as ‘any..’ when translated in English, e.g. ‘I went nowhere’ as ‘I didn’t go anywhere’

Question 3

What does question word + も express?

Answer 3

"Every...." or "Any..." . 
Only applies for some words, for others, でも must be used
e.g
どこも - Everywhere
どちらも - Both
いくらも - Any amount

Question 4

What is question word + でも？

Answer 4

"Any..." 
e.g
なんでも - Anything (everything)
どこでも - Anywhere (everywhere)
だれでも - Any one

Question 5

Sometimes a particle is is placed in between the question word and も. Give some examples

Answer 5

休みにどこへもいきませんでした。
I didn’t go anywhere IN the holidays

おみやげをだれにも買いませんでした。
I didn’t buy a souvenir for anyone

Question 6

どっちか

Answer 6

One of the two

Question 7

How do you say ‘only’?

Answer 7

しか＋negative verb form

noun + particles if necessary (に, と or へ) + しか + Verb (nai/negative form)

Question 8

What is the grammar structure for ‘no choice but to’

Answer 8

（VERB plain form) + しかない、しかありません
example:
その人をころすしかないの？
Will you have to kill him?

https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-jlpt-n3-grammar-%E3%81%97%E3%81%8B%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84-shika-nai/

Question 9

“so that…” / “in order to”

Answer 9

ように
verb non past plain forms + ように
e.g
Let's sit towards the front so we can hear well
よく聞こえるように前の方にすわろう。

Question 10

What are the two ways of saying ‘I can..’?

Answer 10

• ことができる

- Potential form

Question 11

What is ことができます？

Answer 11

‘I can’

Verb plain form + ことができます

Question 12

What is the grammar structure for when things go contrary to expectation -
Another was of saying ‘even though’

Answer 12

(な) のに
verb and adj plain form + のに
noun + な + のに

Emphasises that surprise or disappointment

Question 13

犬がはらないようにドアーをしめてください。

Answer 13

Please close the door SO THAT the dog does not come in

Question 14

あのターブルの上にくだものがしかありません。

Answer 14

There is only fruit on the table

Question 15

List grammar structures that use a ます base

Answer 15

～おわる　　　　　　　　　　　 
～はじめる 　　　　　　　　　　
～たい 　　　　　　　　　　　　
～つづける
～なさい　　　　　　　　　　 
e.g. 
たべおわる,  たべはじめる, たべたい, たべつづける

Question 16

How do you talk about things finishing?

Answer 16

～おわる
Structure:
ます base add　おわる

Question 17

帰りなさい

Answer 17

Go home

Uses なさい structure

Question 18

How do you make nouns from い and な adjectives?

Answer 18

い adjectives minus い + さ
やささ - cheapness

な adjectives + さ
きれいさ - cleanliness/prettiness

Question 19

How to give instructions as a senior/authority

Answer 19

verb ます base + なさい

e.g
やさいをたべなさい
Eat the vegetables.

Question 20

What does ため mean?

Answer 20

Purpose, sake, consequence

Affecting, regarding, concerning

Question 21

What does ために mean?

Answer 21

For the sake of, because of, as a result of

Question 22

What is the difference between ように and ために?

Answer 22

ように - “So that”, “In order to (Meet a goal)”

ために - “as a result of”, “for the sake of”