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CLS_hosa > unit 1 vocab > Flashcards

unit 1 vocab Flashcards

1
Q

accessioning

A

/ the process by which specimens are logged in, labeled, and assigned a specimen identification code

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2
Q

accreditation

A

a voluntary process in which an independent agency grants recognition to institutions or
programs that meet or exceed established standards of quality

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3
Q

American Association of Blood Banks (AABB)

A

/ international association that sets blood bank standards,
accredits blood banks, and promotes high standards of performance in the practice of transfusion medicin

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4
Q

anticoagulant

A

a chemical or substance that prevents blood coagulation

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5
Q

bacteriology

A

/ the study of bacteria

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6
Q

blood bank /

A

clinical laboratory department where blood components are tested and stored until needed for
transfusion; immunohematology department; transfusion services; also the refrigerated unit used for
storing blood components

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7
Q

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

A

central laboratory for the national public health system

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8
Q

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)

A

the agency within the Department of Health and Human
Services (DHHS) responsible for implementing CLIA ’88

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9
Q

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

A

an international, nonprofit organization that establishes
guidelines and standards of best current practice for clinical laboratories; formerly National Committee for
Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS)

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10
Q

clinical chemistry

A

the laboratory section that uses chemical principles to analyze blood and other body fluids

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11
Q

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA ’88)

A

a federal act that specifies minimum
performance standards for clinical laboratories

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12
Q

coagulation

A

the process of forming a fibrin clot

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13
Q

College of American Pathologists (CAP)

A

organization that offers accreditation to clinical laboratories

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14
Q

COLA

A

agency that offers accreditation to physician office laboratories, hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare
facilities; formerly the Commission on Office Laboratory Accreditation

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15
Q

Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

A

the governmental agency that oversees public healthcare
matters; also called HHS

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16
Q

electronic health record (EHR)

A

comprehensive, portable electronic patient health record

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17
Q

electronic medical record (EMR)

A

a digital form of a patient chart created in a physician’s office or a hospital where
a patient received treatment

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18
Q

epidemiology

A

the study of the factors that cause disease and determine disease frequency and distribution

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19
Q

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

A

the division of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)
responsible for protecting the public health by ensuring the safety and efficacy of foods, drugs, biological
products, medical devices, and cosmetics

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20
Q

Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA

A

/ see Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)

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21
Q

hematology

A

the study of blood and the blood-forming tissues

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22
Q

HIPAA

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996

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23
Q

immunohematology

A

/ the study of the human blood groups; in the clinical laboratory, often called blood banking or
transfusion services

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24
Q

immunology

A

the branch of medicine encompassing the study of immune processes and immunity

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25
Q

Joint Commission (JC)

A

an independent agency that accredits hospitals and large healthcare facilities; formerly
known as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO

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26
Q

Laboratory Response Network (LRN)

A

/ a nationwide network of public and private laboratories coordinated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with the ability for rapid response to threats to public health

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27
Q

microbiology

A

/ the branch of biology dealing with microbes

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28
Q

mycology

A

/ the study of fungi

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29
Q

pathologist

A

a physician specially trained in the nature and cause of disease

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30
Q

phlebotomist

A

/ a healthcare worker trained in blood collection

31
Q

physician office laboratory (POL)

A

/ small medical laboratory located within a physician office, group practice, or clinic
plasma / the liquid portion of blood in which the blood cells are suspended; the straw-colored liquid remaining after blood cells are removed from anticoagulated blood

32
Q

point-of-care testing (POCT)

A

testing outside the traditional laboratory setting; also called bedside testing, off-site
testing, near-patient testing or alternative-site testing

33
Q

proficiency testing (PT)

A

a program in which a laboratory’s accuracy in performing analyses is evaluated at regular
intervals and compared to the performance of similar laboratories

34
Q

Provider-Performed Microscopy Procedure (PPMP)

A

a certificate category under CLIA ’88 that permits a
laboratory to perform waived tests and also permits specified practitioners to perform on-site microscopy
procedures

35
Q

quality assessment (QA)

A

/ in the laboratory, a program that monitors the total testing process with the aim of
providing the highest-quality patient care

36
Q

reference laboratory

A

/ an independent regional laboratory that offers routine and specialized testing services to
hospitals and physician

37
Q

serology

A

the study of antigens and antibodies in serum using immunological methods; laboratory testing based on
the immunological properties of serum

38
Q

serum

A

the liquid obtained from blood that has been allowed to clot

39
Q

standard operating procedure (SOP)

A

established procedure to be followed for a given operation or in a given
situation with the purpose of ensuring that a procedure is always carried out correctly and in the same manner

40
Q

waived test

A

a category of test defined under CLIA ’88 as being simple to perform and having an insignificant risk
for error

41
Q

American Association of Medical Assistants (AAMA)

A

professional society and credentialing agency for
medical assistants

42
Q

American Medical Technologists (AMT)

A

/ professional society and credentialing agency for several categories
of medical laboratory personnel

43
Q

American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS)

A

professional society for clinical/medical
laboratory personnel

44
Q

American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP)

A

professional society for clinical/medical laboratory
personnel and allied health personnel

45
Q

American Society of Phlebotomy Technicians (ASPT)

A

professional society and credentialing agency for
phlebotomists, as well as credentialing agency for specialty areas such as point-of-care technician

46
Q

ASCP Board of Certification (ASCP BOC)

A

a separate body within the ASCP organizational structure,
formed in 2009 by merging NCA with the ASCP BOR and providing certification for medical laboratory
personnel

47
Q

clinical laboratory science

A

/ the health profession concerned with performing laboratory analyses used in diagnosing and treating disease, as well as in maintaining good health; synonymous with medical
laboratory science and medical (laboratory) technology

48
Q

clinical laboratory scientist (CLS)

A

the NCA term for a professional who has a baccalaureate degree from an
accredited college or university, has completed clinical training in an accredited clinical/medical laboratory
science program, and has passed a national certifying examination; also called medical laboratory scientist
(MLS) or medical technologist (MT)

49
Q

clinical laboratory technician (CLT)

A

/ the NCA term for a professional who has completed a minimum of 2 years
of specific training in an accredited clinical/medical laboratory technician p

50
Q

Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP)

A

agency that accredits
educational programs for allied health personnel; formerly CAHEA

51
Q

medical laboratory scientist (MLS)

A

a professional who has a baccalaureate degree from an accredited college
or university, has completed clinical training in an accredited medical laboratory science program, and has
passed a national certifying examination; synonymous with medical technologist (MT) or NCA certified
clinical laboratory scientist (CLS)

52
Q

medical laboratory technician (MLT) /

A

a professional who has completed a minimum of 2 years of specific training
in an accredited medical laboratory technician program and has passed a national certifying examination;
synonymous with NCA certified clinical laboratory technician (CLT)

53
Q

medical technologist (MT)

A

a term gradually being replaced but referring to the professions of medical laboratory
scientist (MLS) or clinical laboratory scientist (CLS)

54
Q

National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS)

A

agency that accredits educational
programs for clinical laboratory personnel

55
Q

National Credentialing Agency for Laboratory Personnel (NCA)

A

a credentialing agency for clinical laboratory
personnel that merged with the ASCP Board of Registry (BOR) in 2009 to form the ASCP Board of
Certification (BOC)

56
Q

National Phlebotomy Association (NPA)

A

professional society and credentialing agency for phlebotomists

57
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

a form of severe immunodeficiency caused by infection with the
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV

58
Q

alimentary tract

A

/ the digestive tube from the mouth to the anus

59
Q

antiseptic /

A

a chemical used on living tissues to control the growth of infectious agent

60
Q

biohazard

A

risk or hazard to health or the environment from biological agents

61
Q

biological safety cabinet

A

a special work cabinet that provides protection to the worker while working with
infectious microorganisms

62
Q

bloodborne pathogens (BBP)

A

/ pathogens that can be present in human blood (and blood-contaminated body
fluids)

63
Q

Bloodborne Pathogens (BBP) Standard

A

OSHA guidelines for preventing occupational exposure to pathogens
present in human blood and body fluids, including, but not limited to, HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV); final
OSHA standard of December 6, 1991, effective March 6, 1992

64
Q

community-acquired infection (CAI )

A

infection acquired through contact with friends, family, and the public or
by contact with contaminated environmental surfaces

65
Q

disinfectant

A

a chemical used on inanimate objects to kill or inactivate microbes

66
Q

exposure control plan /

A

a plan identifying employees at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens and providing
training in methods to prevent exposure

67
Q

exposure incident

A

an accident, such as a needlestick, in which an individual is exposed to possible infection
through contact with body substances from another individual

68
Q

healthcare-associated infection (HAI)

A

infection acquired while being treated for another condition in a healthcare
setting; synonym for healthcare-acquired infection; formerly called nosocomial infection

69
Q

hepatitis B virus (HBV)

A

the virus that causes hepatitis B infection and is transmitted by contact with infected
blood or other body fluids

70
Q

hepatitis C virus (HCV)

A

/ the virus that causes hepatitis C infection and is transmitted by contact with infected
blood or other body fluids

71
Q

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) /

A

the retrovirus that has been identified as the cause of AIDS

72
Q

isolation /

A

the practice of limiting the movement and social contact of a patient who is potentially infectious or who
must be protected from exposure to infectious agents; quarantine

73
Q

parenteral

A

any route other than by the alimentary canal; intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or mucosal

74
Q

pathogenic

A

capable of causing damage or injury to the host

CLS_hosa (10 decks)

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