Unit 1 - Lesson 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Atoms

A

Basic particles of all living things

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2
Q

Elements

A

Types of atoms that occur naturally on Earth

Just 6 elements make up most of the human body
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorous

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3
Q

Molecule

Compound

A

A group of atoms held together by chemical bonds

A substance made up of atoms of 2 or more elements joined by chemical bonds

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4
Q

Lipids

A

A fat molecule or a molecule that has similar properties. Example oil, wax

Do not mix with water

One of their jobs is to store energy

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5
Q

Protein

A

A molecule made up of smaller molecules or building blocks called amino acids.

Are used to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes. Example: meat and peanut butter

Include enzymes that help chemical processes happen

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6
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Molecules that include sugars, starches and fiber. Examples: sugar, pasta 🍝, bread 🍞

Are used as a source of energy and for energy storage

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7
Q

Nucleic Acids

A

Molecules that carry information in cells (DNA)

Made up of smaller molecules called nucleotides

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8
Q

Phospholipid

A

A lipid that contains phosphorus

Form most of the cell membrane
The head is attracted to water. The tail repels water. They form a double layer in the cell membrane

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9
Q

Why is water important to the cell?

A

Many cell processes require water

Water makes up nearly 2/3 of the mass of the cell

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10
Q

Osmosis

A

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane

Water moves from an area of high concentration to low concentration

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