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CH - Y12 - BTEC B > Unit 1 - LAA3 - Classical Conditioning > Flashcards

Unit 1 - LAA3 - Classical Conditioning Flashcards

1
Q

AO1: Classical conditioning operates on the condition of what?

A

Association

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2
Q

Which concept operates on the condition of association?

A

Classical conditioning

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3
Q

What are human beings and animals born with?

A

Reflexes

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4
Q

What 2 things are reflexes made up on?

A

Stimulus and response

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5
Q

Give an example of a response of a dog

A

Salivation

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6
Q

In diagram 1 what does the food represent?

A

unconditioned stimulus

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7
Q

In diagram 1 what does the dog salivating represent?

A

An unconditioned response (an automatic response to food)

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8
Q

What is happening in diagram 2?

A

When the bell (neutral stimulus) is rung, the dog is not salivating (unconditioned response) as he has not leaned to do this.

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9
Q

What is happening in diagram 3?

A

The unconditioned stimulus (food) is paired with the neutral stimulus (bell) which made the dog salivate (unconditioned response)

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10
Q

What is happening in diagram 4?

A

After conditioning, whenever the bell (now conditioned stimulus) is rung the dog salivates (now conditioned response) even without the presence of food.

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11
Q

Which step represents what happens after conditioning?

A

4

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12
Q

Which step represents what happens during conditioning?

A

3

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13
Q

Harry has a phobia of swans. As a child he was bitten by a swan whilst feeding it bread . Harry feels anxious when when he thinks about swans and becomes very afraid whenever he sees one close. He now avoids swans.

What is the neutral stimulus in this scenario?

A

Swans

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14
Q

Sarah suffers from agoraphobia (fear of leaving ones home). She is a keen A-level student but is struggling to attend college because of the anxiety she suffers when attempting to leave the house in the morning. Her phobias began shortly after being mugged.

What is the unconditioned stimulus in this scenario?

A

Being mugged

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15
Q

Sarah suffers from agoraphobia (fear of leaving ones home). She is a keen A-level student but is struggling to attend college because of the anxiety she suffers when attempting to leave the house in the morning. Her phobias began shortly after being mugged.

What is the neutral stimulus in this scenario?

A

Leaving the house

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16
Q

What is a neutral stimulus?

A

The thing you initially have no fear towards.

17
Q

What is an unconditioned stimulus?

A

The things that leads to an automatic response

18
Q

What is an unconditioned response?

A

An automatic reaction

19
Q

What is a conditioned stimulus?

A

The thing you have now leaned to be fearful of

20
Q

What is a conditioned response?

A

A learned response

21
Q

Sarah suffers from agoraphobia (fear of leaving ones home). She is a keen A-level student but is struggling to attend college because of the anxiety she suffers when attempting to leave the house in the morning. Her phobias began shortly after being mugged.

What is the unconditioned response in this scenario?

A

Feeling anxious

22
Q

Harry has a phobia of swans. As a child he was bitten by a swan whilst feeding it bread . Harry feels anxious when when he thinks about swans and becomes very afraid whenever he sees one close. He now avoids swans.

What is the unconditioned response in this scenario?

A

Feeling anxious

23
Q

What does practical application mean?

A

Being able to apply an idea to real life situations.

24
Q

How can we practically apply classical conditioning to the real world?

A

Classical conditioning can be used within systematic desensitisation.

25
Q

What is step 1 of systematic desensitisation?

A

Relaxation

26
Q

What is the last step of systematic desensitisation?

A

The therapy is completed when the client associates their most feared stimuli with relaxation.

27
Q

Which step of systematic desensitisation talks about working through each stage in the hierarchy of anxiety, where the patient is encouraged to use their relaxation technique as they are exposed to the stimuli.

A

Gradual exposure

28
Q

What happens in step 3 of systematic desensitisation: gradual exposure ?

A

This step of systematic desensitisation talks about working through each stage in the hierarchy of anxiety, where the patient is encouraged to use their relaxation technique as they are exposed to the stimuli.

29
Q

In systematic desensitisation, what stage talk about the patient only being able to move up the hierarchy when they are completely relaxed.

A

Step 4: Flexible

30
Q

AO3: How can we use the principles of classical conditioning in real life?

A

Classical conditioning can be used to treat common disorders such as alcoholism, gambling and phobias in aversion therapy.

31
Q

AO3: What happens in aversion therapy?

A

Aversion therapy, alcoholics are given a drug that makes them sick when they try to drink alcohol. This makes them associate drinking with sickness. which makes them not want to drink anymore.

32
Q

AO3: what did Watson and Raynor do which supports classical conditioning?

A

They used the principles of classical conditioning to give a child “little albert” a phobia of rats.

33
Q

AO3: In Watson and Raynor’s study, how did little albert learn to be scared of the rat?

A

Every time Albert played with the rat, the researchers created a loud bang to scare him . Albert associated the rat with the loud bang which created a phobia of rats.

34
Q

AO3: What can’t classical conditioning explain about some behaviours?

A

Classical conditioning cannot explain how the phobia develops overtime or
how we have a phobia without a traumatic event.

35
Q

Harry has a phobia of swans. As a child he was bitten by a swan whilst feeding it bread. Harry feels anxious when he thinks about swans and becomes very afraid whenever he sees one close. He now avoids swans.

What is the unconditioned stimulus in this scenario?

A

Being bitten by a swan

36
Q

Which step represents what happens before conditioning?

A

1 and 2

CH - Y12 - BTEC B (16 decks)

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