Unit 1 Introduction and Research

Question 0

Research method in which the psychologist observes the subject in a natural setting without interfering

Answer 0

Naturalistic observation

Question 1

A relatively small group out of the total population under study

Answer 1

Sample

Question 2

Research method that involves an intensive investigation of one or more participants

Answer 2

Case study

Question 3

Research method in which information is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions

Answer 3

Survey

Question 4

Research method in which data is collected about a group of participants over a number of years to assess how certain characteristics change or remain the same during development

Answer 4

Longitudinal study

Question 5

Research method in which data is collected from groups of participants of different ages and compared so that conclusions can be drawn about differences due to age

Answer 5

Cross-sectional study

Question 6

The measure of a relationship between two variables or sets of data

Answer 6

Correlation

Question 7

An educated guess about the relationship between two variables

Answer 7

Hypothesis

Question 8

Any factor that is capable of change

Answer 8

Variable

Question 9

The group to which an independent variable is applied

Answer 9

Experimental group

Question 10

The group that is treated in the same way as the experimental group except that the experimental treatment is not applied

Answer 10

Control group

Question 11

Needs such as sleep and hunger

Answer 11

Psychological

Question 12

Private or up observable mental , reasons

Answer 12

Cognitive

Question 13

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Answer 13

Psychology

Question 14

Educational guess about some phenomenon

Answer 14

Hypothesis

Question 15

A set of assumptions used to explain phenomena and offered for scientific study.

Answer 15

Theory

Question 16

The pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomena for its own sake

Answer 16

Basic Science

Question 17

Discovering ways to use scientific findings to accomplish practical goals.

Answer 17

Applied Science

Question 18

A general approach to gathering information and answering questions so that errors and biases are minimized .

Answer 18

Scientific Method

Question 19

an experiment in which neither the experimenter nor the participants know which participants received which treatment

Answer 19

double-blind experiment

Question 20

a change in a participant’s illness or behavior that results from a belief that that the treatment will have an effect rather than the actual treatment

Answer 20

placebo effect

Question 21

A scientist who studies the mind and behavior of humans and animals.

Answer 21

Psychologist

Question 22

A psychologist who diagnoses and treats people with emotional disturbances.

Answer 22

Clinical psychologist

Question 23

A psychologist who usually helps people deal with problems of living.

Answer 23

Counseling psychologist

Question 24

Branch of medicine that deals with mental, emotional or behavioral disorders

Answer 24

Psychiatry

Question 25

A psychologist who studies the emotional cognitive biological personal and social changes that occur as an individual matures.

Answer 25

Developmental psychologist

Question 26

A psychologist who is concerned with helping students learn.

Answer 26

Educational psychologist

Question 27

A psychologist who may work in a mental health or social well fair agency.

Answer 27

Community psychologist

Question 28

A psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the work place a more satisfying environment for employees and managers.

Answer 28

Industrial/ organizational psychologist

Question 29

A psychologist who studies sensations, perception, learning, motivation, and emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions.

Answer 29

Experimental psychologist

Question 30

Psychologist who study the basic elements that make up conscious Mental experiences

Answer 30

Structuralist

Question 31

Collect information about the mind

Answer 31

Introspection

Question 32

Study how animals and people adapt to their environment

Answer 32

Functionalist

Question 33

Psychologist who studies how unconscious motivates and conflicts human behavior

Answer 33

Psychoanalyst

Question 34

Psychologist who stressed investigating observable behavior

Answer 34

Behaviorist

Question 35

Who believes each person has the freedom in directing | His or her future and achieving personal growth

Answer 35

Humanist

Question 36

Focus on how we process or store information and how this information influences our thinking, language, problem solving, and creativity

Answer 36

Cognitivists

Question 37

How the brain, the nervous system, hormones, and genetic influences our behavior

Answer 37

Psychobiologists

Question 38

The physical needs such as sleep and hunger.

Answer 38

Physiological

Question 39

The measure of difference, or spread

Answer 39

Variance

Question 40

The measure of variability that describes an average distance of every score from the mean

Answer 40

Standard deviation

Question 41

Describes the direction and strength of the relationship between two sets of variables

Answer 41

Correlation coefficient

Question 42

Numerical methods used to determine whether research data support a hypothesis or whether the results were due to chance

Answer 42

Inferential statistics

Question 43

a branch of mathematics that enables researchers to organize and evaluate the data they collect

Answer 43

statistics

Question 44

the listing and summarizing of data in a practical, efficient way, such as through graphs and averages

Answer 44

descriptive statistics

Question 45

is a way of arranging data so that we know how often a particular score or observation occurs

Answer 45

frequency distribution

Question 46

Many variables, such as height, weight, and IQ, fall into such a curve if enough people are measured

Answer 46

normal curve

Question 47

a number that describes something about the “average” score

Answer 47

central tendency