AP Terms Flashcards
1
Q
The creation of new cognitive schemas when objects experiences or other info does not fit with existing schemas
A
Accommodations
2
Q
Learning that occurs without apparent reinforcements but is not demonstrated until reinforcement occurs.
A
Latent Learning
3
Q
Theory proposed by Thorndike stating that those responses that are followed by a positive consequence will be repeated more frequently than those that are not.
A
Law of Effect
4
Q
Based on the idea that changes in behavior result more from experience and less from our personality or how we think or feel about a situation.
A
Learning Theory
5
Q
Power derived through one’s position, such as a police officer or elected official.
A
Legitimate Power
6
Q
Sigmund Freud’s terminology of sexual energy or sexual drive.
A
Libido
7
Q
Relatively permanent memory.
A
Long Term Memory
8
Q
A dream in which you are aware of dreaming and are sometimes able to manipulate the dream.
A
Lucid Dream
9
Q
Changes due to the natural process of aging as determined by your genetics.
A
Maturation
10
Q
A method of determining an average where the sum of the scores are divided by the number of scores.
A
Mean
11
Q
A method of determining an average by using the score that falls in the middle of the distribution.
A
Median
12
Q
A method of determining an average by using the score(s) which occur most frequently.
A
Mode
13
Q
The creation of new cognitive schemas when objects, experiences or other info. does not fit with existing schemas.
A
Accommodation
14
Q
The firing of a neuron. Occurs when the charge inside the neuron becomes more powerful than the charge outside the neuron.
A
Action Potential
15
Q
Behavior that is unselfish and may even be detrimental but benefits others.
A
Altruism
16
Q
The physiological and psychological reaction to an expected danger, whether real or imagined.
A
Anxiety
17
Q
The impairment of the ability to communicate either through oral or written discourse as a result of brain damage.
A
Aphasia
18
Q
Incorporating objects, experiences, or info into existing schemas.
A
Assimilation
19
Q
The phenomenon that states we are better able to remember info. when it is paired with something we are familiar with or in other words, stands out.
A
Associations
20
Q
The strong bond a child has for his or her primary caregiver.
A
Attachment
21
Q
Parenting style focused on excessive rules, rigid belief systems, and the expectation of unquestioned obedience.
A
Authoritarian [parents]
22
Q
Parenting style focused on setting reasonable rules and expectations while encouraging independence.
A
Authoritative [parents]
23
Q
A type of behavioral treatment where an adverse stimulus is paired with a negative behavior in hopes that the behavior will change in the future to avoid adverse stimuli.
A
Aversion Therapy
24
Q
The tail-like part of a neuron where information exits the cell.
A
Axon
25
The cognitive structure utilized to make sense of the world.
Schema
26
A reinforcer other than one which meets our basic needs such as food or water (e.g. intellectual stimulation, money, praise).
Secondary Reinforcer
27
The process of understanding oneself more completely and being aware of issues affecting one’s life.
Self-Actualization
28
One’s belief in his or her own ability.
Self-Efficiency
29
The tendency to assign internal attributes to successes and external factors to failures.
Self-Serving Bias
30
The part of declarative memory that stores general info such as names and facts
Semantic Memory
31
The brief storage of info brought in through the senses, typically only lasts up to a few seconds.
Sensory Memory
32
Gradually molding a specific response by reinforcing responses that come close to the desired response.
Shaping
33
The stage of memory where info is stored for up to 30 seconds prior to either being forgotten or transferred to long term memory
Short Term Memory
34
Considered the father of behavioral therapy. He once stated that with the ability to control a child’s environment, he could raise a child to become anything he wanted.
Skinner, B.F
35
The effect of other’s presence on one’s performance. Typically we perform simple or well learned tasks better in front of others and difficult or novel tasks worse.
Social Facilitation
36
The tendency for people to work less on a task the greater the number of people are working on that task
Social Loafing
37
The branch of psychology which focuses on society and its impact on the individual.
Social Psychology
38
Accepted behaviors associated with a particular position within a group.
Social Rules
39
A statistical formula used to determine the amount of difference expected from one score to the next.
Standard Deviation
40
A temporary internal characteristic (e.g. depressed, angry)
State
41
The theory that info learned in a particular state of mind (e.g. depressed, happy, somber) is more easily recalled when in that same state of mind.
State Dependent Memory
42
Anything in the environment to which one responds.
Stimulus
43
The process of saving info in long term memory.
Storage
44
The physical and psychological result of internal or external pressure.
Stress
45
Anything, internal or external, which applies psychological pressure on an individual.
Stressor
46
A defense mechanism where undesired or unacceptable impulses are transformed into behaviors which are accepted by society.
Sublimation
47
In psychoanalytical theory, the part of the personality that represents the conscience
Superego
48
Hans Eysenck’s term for his two distinct categories of personality traits. They include introversion-extroversion and neuroticisms. According to Eysenck, each of us fall on a continuum based on the degree of each super trait.
Supertraits
49
The defense mechanism where we push unacceptable thoughts out of consciousness and into our unconscious
Suppression
50
Aristotle’s theory of reasoning where two true statements are followed by a single logical conclusion.
Syllogism
51
A treatment technique where the client is exposed to gradually increasing anxiety provoking stimuli while relaxing; the goal is for the client to eventually confront a phobia or fear without the previously associated anxiety.
Systematic Desensitization
52
The cognitive structure utilized to make sense of the world.
Schema
53
A reinforcer other than one which meets our basic needs such as food or water (e.g. intellectual stimulation, money, praise).
Secondary Reinforcer
54
The process of understanding oneself more completely and being aware of issues affecting one’s life.
Self-Actualization
55
One’s belief in his or her own ability.
Self-Efficiency
56
The tendency to assign internal attributes to successes and external factors to failures.
Self-Serving Bias
57
The part of declarative memory that stores general info such as names and facts
Semantic Memory
58
The brief storage of info brought in through the senses, typically only lasts up to a few seconds.
Sensory Memory
59
Gradually molding a specific response by reinforcing responses that come close to the desired response.
Shaping
60
The stage of memory where info is stored for up to 30 seconds prior to either being forgotten or transferred to long term memory
Short Term Memory
61
Considered the father of behavioral therapy. He once stated that with the ability to control a child’s environment, he could raise a child to become anything he wanted.
Skinner, B.F
62
The effect of other’s presence on one’s performance. Typically we perform simple or well learned tasks better in front of others and difficult or novel tasks worse.
Social Facilitation
63
The tendency for people to work less on a task the greater the number of people are working on that task
Social Loafing
64
The branch of psychology which focuses on society and its impact on the individual.
Social Psychology
65
Accepted behaviors associated with a particular position within a group.
Social Rules
66
A statistical formula used to determine the amount of difference expected from one score to the next.
Standard Deviation
67
A temporary internal characteristic (e.g. depressed, angry)
State
68
The theory that info learned in a particular state of mind (e.g. depressed, happy, somber) is more easily recalled when in that same state of mind.
State Dependent Memory
69
Anything in the environment to which one responds.
Stimulus
70
The process of saving info in long term memory.
Storage
71
The physical and psychological result of internal or external pressure.
Stress
72
Anything, internal or external, which applies psychological pressure on an individual.
Stressor
73
A defense mechanism where undesired or unacceptable impulses are transformed into behaviors which are accepted by society.
Sublimation
74
In psychoanalytical theory, the part of the personality that represents the conscience
Superego
75
Hans Eysenck’s term for his two distinct categories of personality traits. They include introversion-extroversion and neuroticisms. According to Eysenck, each of us fall on a continuum based on the degree of each super trait.
Supertraits
76
The defense mechanism where we push unacceptable thoughts out of consciousness and into our unconscious
Suppression
77
Aristotle’s theory of reasoning where two true statements are followed by a single logical conclusion.
Syllogism
78
A treatment technique where the client is exposed to gradually increasing anxiety provoking stimuli while relaxing; the goal is for the client to eventually confront a phobia or fear without the previously associated anxiety.
Systematic Desensitization
79
statistical technique used to determine the number of components in a set of data. These components are then named according to their characteristics allowing a researcher to break them down into a statistical group.
Factor Analysis
80
Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, the failure to complete a stage successfully which results in the continuation of that stage into later adulthood.
Fixation
81
Fixed Ratio Schedule
schedule in which the reinforcement is presented after a specific period of time.
82
Fetish
condition in which arousal or sexual gratification is attained through inanimate objects or non-sexual body parts. Is usually considered a problem when the object is needed in order to gain arousal or gratification and the ind. can’t complete a sexual act without this object present.
83
Frequency Effect
The phenomenon in memory that states that we are better able to remember info if it’s repeated.
84
Freud, Sigmund
Dr. Freud is often referred to as the father of clinical psychology. His extensive theory of personality development is the cornerstone for modern psychological thought and consists of the psychosexual stages of development, the structural model of personality ego, and levels of consciousness.
85
Flooding
behavioral technique used to treat phobias in which the client is presented with the feared stimulus until the associated anxiety disappears.
86
Free Association
psychoanalytic technique of allowing a patient to talk without direction or input in order to analyze current issues with the client.
87
Frontal Lobe
lobe at the front of the brain associated with movement, speech, and impulsive behavior.
88
Fundamental Attribution Error
The tendency to over-estimate the internal attributes of another person’s actions.
89
Tactile
The sense of touch
90
Temperament
A person's typical way of responding to his or her environment
91
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
A subjective personality test where ambiguous pictures are shown to subject and they are asked to tell a story to them
92
Theory
A general idea about the relationship of two or story to them
93
Trait
A relatively permanent internal characteristic (e.g. friendly, outgoing)
94
Transference
Intense feelings directed toward the therapist that many clients experience in the process of therapy
95
Type A Personality
A theory used to describe a person with a significant number of traits focused on urgency, impatience, success, and normal or heightened competition
96
Type B Personality
A theory used to describe a person with a significant number of traits focused on relaxation, lack of urgency, and normal or reduced competition
97
Unconditional Positive Regard
Nonjudgmental empathy and respect for another person.
98
Unconditional Response
The response in a stimulus response chain that is naturally occurring as opposed to learned
99
Unconditional Stimulus
The stimulus in a stimulus response chain that is naturally occurring as opposed to learned
100
Unconscious
According to Frued, that area of the psyche where the unknown wishes and needs are kept that play a significant role in our conscious behavior
101
Validity
Statistical technique used to determine if a test is actually measuring what it is intended to measure
102
Variable
Any factor which has the potential to influence another factor in a research study
103
A cognitive psychologist who developed the concept of Rational Emotive Therapy
Ellis, Albert
104
Feelings about a situation, person, or object that involves changes in physiological arousal and cognitions.
Emotion
105
The awareness of and ability to manage one’s feelings in a productive and healthy manner
Emotional Intelligence
106
The transformation of info. to be stored in memory
Encoding
107
Subcategory of declarative memory where info. regarding life events is stored
Episodic Memory
108
In research, the group of subjects who receive the independent variable
Experimental Group
109
Research method using random assignment of subject and the manipulation of variables in order to determine cause and effect
Experimental Method
110
Errors in a research study due to the predisposed notions or beliefs of the experimenter
Experimental Bias
111
Power derived through advanced knowledge or experience in a particular subject
Expert Power
112
The belief that the environment has more control over life circumstances than the individual does
External Locus of Control
113
The reduction and eventual disappearance of a learned or conditioned response after it is no longer inhibited with the unconditioned stimulus response chain
Extinction
114
The desire or push to perform a certain behavior based on the potential external rewards that may be received as a result
Extrinsic Motivation
115
A cognitive psychologist who developed the concept of Rational Emotive Therapy
Ellis, Albert
116
Feelings about a situation, person, or object that involves changes in physiological arousal and cognitions.
Emotion
117
The awareness of and ability to manage one’s feelings in a productive and healthy manner
Emotional Intelligence
118
The transformation of info. to be stored in memory
Encoding
119
Subcategory of declarative memory where info. regarding life events is stored
Episodic Memory
120
In research, the group of subjects who receive the independent variable
Experimental Group
121
Research method using random assignment of subject and the manipulation of variables in order to determine cause and effect
Experimental Method
122
Errors in a research study due to the predisposed notions or beliefs of the experimenter
Experimental Bias
123
Power derived through advanced knowledge or experience in a particular subject
Expert Power
124
The belief that the environment has more control over life circumstances than the individual does
External Locus of Control
125
The reduction and eventual disappearance of a learned or conditioned response after it is no longer inhibited with the unconditioned stimulus response chain
Extinction
126
The desire or push to perform a certain behavior based on the potential external rewards that may be received as a result
Extrinsic Motivation
127
The decrease in response to a stimulus due to repetition.
Habituation
128
False perception of reality.
Hallucination
129
The tendency to assign generally positive or generally negative traits to a person after observing one specific positive or negative trait
Haol effect
130
A rule of thumb based upon experience used to make decisions.
Heuristic
131
Maslow’s theory of motivation which states that we must achieve lower level needs such as food, shelter, and safety before we can achieve higher level needs.
Hierarchy of needs
132
Pairing a 2nd conditioned stimuli in order to produce a 2nd order response.
Higher order conditioning
133
The tendency of the body and mind to naturally gravitate toward a state of equilibrium or balance.
Homeostasis
134
Treatment focused on increasing awareness of one’s self concept.
Humanistic Therapy
135
A state of relaxation where an individual is more susceptible to suggestions.
Hypnosis
136
A prediction about a relationship between two or more variables.
Hypothesis
137
Variable Interval Schedule
A schedule in which the reinforcement is presented after a varying number of responses
138
WAISS III
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale third edition
139
Third Edition
An objective measure of intelligence.The Stanford-Binet test is also used, has very similar validity, but it is not as popular.
140
Aphasia resulting from damage to the Wernicke's area of the frontal lobe. Affects written and spoken language
Wernicke's Aphasia
141
A research method where the subjects are observed without interruption under normal or natural circumstances.
Naturalistic Observation
142
A correlation where as one variable increases, the other decreases.
Negative Correlation
143
A chemical found in animals that plays a role in our behavior, cognitions, and emotions
Neurotransmitter
144
A subsystem within long term memory which consists of skills we acquire through repetition and practice (e.g. dance, playing the piano, driving a car).
Non-declarative Memory
145
A graphical interpretation of a population that is “bell shaped” as it has the highest frequency in the middle and this frequency diminishes the farther you get from the center on either end.
Normal Curve
146
An expectation based on multiple observations
Norm
147
The understanding that objects exist even when they are not directly observed.
Object Permanence
148
A generic term for the psychological procedures used to measure personality which rely on measurable or objective techniques such as the MMPI-2 and WAIS-III
Objective Techniques
149
A persistent and seemingly uncontrollable thought.
Obsession
150
Learning that occurs due to manipulation of the possible consequences.
Operant Conditioning
151
A technique used to improve memory where the info is learned to the point that it can be repeated without making a mistake more than one time.
Over Learning
152
The process that energizes or maintains a behavior.
Motivation
153
Theory which states that memory fades over time if it is not used or accessed.
Decay
154
The part of long-term memory where factual info. is stored, such as mathematical formulas, vocabulary skills and life events
Declarative Memory
155
Decision making process where ideas are processed from the general to the special
Deductive reasoning
156
) Psychological forces which prevent undesirable or inappropriate impulses from entering consciousness.
Defenses (defense mechanisms)
157
False belief system (i.e. believing you are Napoleon, have magical powers, or that others are out to get you.)
Delusion
158
The variable in an experiment that is measured, the outcome of the experiment.
Dependent Variable
159
The area of psychology focused on how children grow to become who they are as adults
Developmental Psychology
160
In behavioral theory, the learned ability to differentiate between two similar objects or situations.
Discrimination
161
Inability to recognize who we are, what we are doing, the time and date, or where we are in relation to our environment. To be considered a problem, it must be consistent, result in difficulty functioning, and not due to forgetting or being lost.
Disorientation
162
The pushing out of old info in short term memory in order to make room for newer info.
Displacement
163
A separation from the self with the most severe resulting in Dissociative Identity Disorder. Most of us experience this in many mild forms such as when we are driving a long distance and lose track of time or find ourselves daydreaming longer than we thought.
Dissociation
164
The phenomenon in memory that states we are better able to remember info. if it is distinct or different from other info
Distinctiveness
165
Period of extreme anxiety and physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, shakiness, dizziness, and racing thoughts. Initial attacks are often reported to feel like a heart attack due to the heart palpitations. A medical exam should be conducted to rule out any such condition.
Panic Attack
166
The process of organizing and using information that is received through the senses.
Perception
167
The stable set of individual characteristics that make us unique
Personality
168
Parenting style consisting of very few rules and allowing children to make most decisions and control their own behavior.
Permissive [parents]
169
The deliberate attempt to influence the thoughts, feelings, or behaviors of another.
Persuasion
170
An intense fear of a specific object or situation. Most of us consider ourselves to have phobias, but to be diagnosable, the fear must significantly restrict our way of life.
Phobia
171
The phenomenon in research where the subject’s beliefs about the outcome can significantly affect the outcome without any other intervention.
Placebo Effect
172
Freud’s theory regarding the desire to maximize pleasure and minimize pain in order to achieve immediate gratification.
Pleasure Principle
173
A correlation where as one variable increases the other also increases or as one decreases so does the other.
Positive Correlation
174
Something positive provided after a response in order to increase the probability of that response in the future.
Positive Reinforcement
175
The ability to use previously gained info to debate or discuss issues which have no agreed upon solution.
Divergent Thinking
176
Research method in which both the subjects and the experimenter are unaware of the anticipated results.
Double Blind Study
177
An internal motivation to fulfill a need or to reduce the negative aspects of a situation.
Drive
178
The application of behavioral theory to change a specific behavior.
Behavior Modification
179
The application of behavioral theory (e.g. conditioning, reinforcement) in the treatment of mental illness.
Behavior Therapy
180
The school of psychology founded on the premise that behavior is measurable and can be changed through the application of various behavioral principles.
Behaviorism
181
As a way to avoid the placebo effect in research, this type of study is designed without the subjects’ knowledge of the anticipated results and sometimes even the nature of the study. The subjects are said to be ‘blind’ to the expected results.
Blind Study
182
An aphasia associated with damage to Broca’s are of the brain, demonstrated by the impairment of understandable speech.
Broca's Aphasia
183
In psychoanalytical theory, the part of the personality which maintains balance between out impulses (id) and our conscience (superego)
Ego
184
The main part of the neuron where information is produced
Cell Body
185
A young child's tendency to focus on only his or her own perspective of a specific subject and the failure to understand that others may see things differently
Centration
186
A generic term for the idea that chemicals in the brain are either too scarce or too abundant resulting in a mental disorder such as schizophrenia or bipolar disease
Chemical Imbalance
187
The behavioral technique of pairing a naturally occurring stimulus and response chain with a different stimulus in order to produce a response which is not naturally occurring
Classical Conditioning
188
A humanistic therapy based on Carl Roger's belief that an individual has an unlimited capacity for psychological growth and will continue to grow unless barriers are placed in the way
Client Centered Therapy
189
The physical act resulting in obsession. Typically a compulsion is an act in order to alleviate the discomfort created by an obsession.
Compulsion
190
The response in a stimulus response chain that is not naturally occurring, but rather has been learned by its pairing with a naturally occurring chain.
Conditioned Response
191
The stimulus in a stimulus response chain that is not naturally occurring, but rather has been learned by its pairing with a naturally occurring chain.
Conditioned Stimulus
192
The process of learning new behaviors or responses as a result of their consequences.
Conditioning
193
Changing your attitudes, beliefs, thoughts, or behaviors, in order to become more consistent with others.
Conformity
194
The understanding, typically achieved in later childhood, that matter remains the same even when shape changes.
Conservation
195
Awareness of others and the world around you.
Consciousness
196
The physiological phases in the brain involved with memory storage.
Consolidation
197
The failure to store info. in the memory.
Consolidation Failure
198
The theory that info. learned in a particular situation or place is better remembered when in the same situation or place.
Context Dependent Memory
199
The application of reinforcement every time a specific behavior occurs.
Continuous Reinforcement
200
The group of subjects in an experiment that does not receive the independent variable.
Control Group
201
Statistical info of a relationship between two or more variables which does not determine cause and effect.
Correlation
202
Assigning subjects to experimental groups based on chance
Random Assignment
203
Group of subjects who are representing the population who are selected through chance
Random Sample
204
A statistical term representing the difference between the highest score and the lowest score
Range
205
A cognitive theory based in Albert Elli's theory that cognition a control our emotions and behaviors
Rational Emotive Therapy
206
A defense mechanism where one believes or states an acceptable explanation for a behavior as opposed to the real explanation.
Rationalization
207
A defense mechanism where the unacceptable impulses are converted to their opposite.
Reaction Formation
208
The tendency to remember the last bit of info due to the shorter time available for forgetting.
Recency Effect
209
Tendency to fill in the gaps in our memory and often believe these represent true memories.
Reconstruction
210
Power given to an individual due to respect and/or desire to be similar to that individual.
Referent Power
211
Repeating info in order to improve our recall of this info.
Rehearsal
212
Anything that follows a behavior that increases the chances of that behavior occurring again.
Reinforcer
213
A defense mechanism where one reverts to an earlier stage of development.
Regression
214
A rule of thumb where people judge by the similarity to a prototype or similar situation.
Representative Heuristic
215
In psychoanalytic theory the defense mechanism whereby our thoughts are pulled out of our conscious and into our unconscious.
Repression
216
The process of bringing material out of long term memory and into consciousness.
Retrieval
217
A humanistic Psychologist who developed Client-Centered Therapy.
Rogers, Carl
218
A projective technique utilizing ambiguous inkblots as stimuli.
Rorschach Inkblot Test
219
A time frame deemed highly important in developing in a healthy manner; can be physically, emotionally, behaviorally, or cognitively.
Critical Period
220
The firing of a neuron. Occurs when the charge inside the neuron becomes more powerful than the charge outside the neuron.
Action Potential
221
Behavior that is unselfish and may even be detrimental but benefits others.
Altruism
222
The physiological and psychological reaction to an expected danger, whether real or imagined.
Anxiety
223
The impairment of the ability to communicate either through oral or written discourse as a result of brain damage.
Apshia
224
Incorporating objects, experiences, or info into existing schemas.
Assimilation
225
The phenomenon that states we are better able to remember info. when it is paired with something we are familiar with or in other words, stands out.
Associations
226
The strong bond a child has for his or her primary caregiver.
Attachment
227
Parenting style focused on excessive rules, rigid belief systems, and the expectation of unquestioned obedience.
Authoritarian [parents]
228
Parenting style focused on setting reasonable rules and expectations while encouraging independence.
Authoritative [parents]
229
A type of behavioral treatment where an adverse stimulus is paired with a negative behavior in hopes that the behavior will change in the future to avoid adverse stimuli.
Aversion Therapy
230
The tail-like part of a neuron where information exits the cell
Axon
231
In psychoanalytical theory, the part of a personality which contains primitive impulses such as sex, anger, and hunger.
Id
232
Misperception of reality.
Illusion
233
Utilizing the mind to create a sensory image of a life event
Imagery
234
Expressing contradictory behavior when describing or experiencing an emotion.
Inappropriate Effect
235
The variable in an experiment that is manipulated or compared.
Independent Variable
236
Decision making process in which ideas are processed from specific to general.
Inductive Reasoning
237
The area or specialty in psychology on the application of physiological principles in the work force.
Industrial/ Organization Psychology
238
Occurring without learning, inborn.
Innate
239
The understandings of a relationship between current thoughts and feelings, where these originated, or how they are maintained.
Insight
240
The belief that an individual has more control over life circumstances than the environment.
Internal Locus of Control
241
A behavior we are born with and therefore does not need to be learned.
Instinct
242
The ability to adapt to one’s environment.
Intelligence
243
The motivation or desire to do something based on the enjoyment of the behavior itself rather than relying on external reinforcement.
Intrinsic Motivation
244
The tendency to focus energy inward, resulting in decreased social interaction.
Introversion
245
The internal sense of either being male or female. Usually congruent with biological gender but not always as in biological disorder
Gender identity
246
The accepted behaviors, thoughts, and emotions of a specific gender based upon the views of the particular society or culture.
Gender role
247
The process of developing the behaviors, thoughts, and emotions associated with a specific gender.
Gender typing
248
The tendency to associate stimuli, and therefore respond similarly to, due to their closeness on some variables such as size, shape, color, or meaning
Generalization
249
German word translated typically meaning whole or form.
Gestalt
250
Treatment focusing on the awareness and understanding of ones feelings.
Gestalt therapy
251
The tendency for members of a cohesive group to make more extreme decisions due to the lack of opposing views.
Group therapy
252
The tendency for members of a cohesive group to reach decisions without considering all the facts, especially those weighing out the majority opinion
Group thinking
253
Power derived through the ability to punish
Coercive Power
254
The process of receiving, storing, processing, and using info
Cognition
255
Treatment involving the combination of behaviorism(based on the theories of learning) and cognitive therapy (based on the theory that our cognitions or thoughts control a large portion of our behaviors.)
Cognitive Behavioral Theory
256
The realization of contradictions in one's own attitudes and behaviors.
Cognitive Dissonance
257
The treatment approach based on the theory that our cognitions or thoughts control a large portion of our behaviors and emotions.Therefore, changing the way we think can result in positive changes that effect the way we act and feel.
Cognitive Therapy
