Unit 1 - Consciousness & Sleep

Question 1

Consciousness

Answer 1

Awareness of thoughts, emotions, perceptions (internal) and surroundings (external). Our perception of what is real

Question 2

Consciousness on a continuum

Answer 2

Consciousness may vary over time and be influenced by internal and external factors. Different states of consciousness = Different levels of awareness

Question 3

Normal Waking Consciousness

Answer 3

The baseline standard state of consciousness

Question 4

Altered State Consciousness

Answer 4

Any state distinctly different from normal waking consciousness. Can be understood as the misrepresentation of the world or self

Question 5

Sleep

Answer 5

An altered state of consciousness - unresponsiveness to environment

Question 6

2 Phases of Sleep

Answer 6

N-REM Sleep and REM Sleep - humans cycle between the 2 phases several times (ultradian rhythm)

Question 7

N-REM Sleep

Answer 7

Non-Rapid eye Movement Sleep - 4 Stages

Question 8

REM Sleep

Answer 8

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep - Brain activity spikes, dreaming occurs, muscles relax

Question 9

Melatonin

Answer 9

The hormone that causes sleepiness in humans. Secreted when it gets dark

Question 10

Circadian Rhythms

Answer 10

A process that takes 24 hours to complete (i.e. sleep-wake cycle)

Question 11

2 Theories for Sleep

Answer 11

Restoration Theory and Evolution Theory

Question 12

Restoration Theory

Answer 12

Proposes that sleep is to replenish physical and mental resources

Question 13

Evolution Theory

Answer 13

Proposes that sleep is to avoid predators at the most dangerous times (i.e. night)