Unit 1 - Cognitive Development

Question 1

Plasticity

Answer 1

The ability of the brain to change and adapt over time (creation of new and pruning of old neurons.)

Question 2

Critical Periods

Answer 2

Specific periods where certain experiences MUST happen in order for normal development (ex. imprinting or hearing specific sounds

Question 3

Sensitive Periods

Answer 3

Certain periods of brain development which are optimal for learning particular things.

Question 4

Infant Attachment

Answer 4

First close emotional relationship an infant has. They become attached to someone who can fulfill their physical needs and need for attention

Question 5

Privation (Attachment)

Answer 5

When a child never attaches to someone - can cause permanent emotional damage.

Question 6

Schema

Answer 6

Mental structures that an individual uses to organize knowledge

Question 7

Assimilation (Piaget)

Answer 7

New experiences combined with existing schemas

Question 8

Accommodation (Piaget)

Answer 8

New experiences alter or create new schema

Question 9

Sensorimotor (4 Stages)

Answer 9

0-2 years, Senses and action, Object permenance

Question 10

Preoperational (4 Stages)

Answer 10

2-7 years, Language and Mental Images,

Question 11

Concrete Operational (4 Stages)

Answer 11

7-12 years, Logical and categorical thinking, Transformation of math functions, Conservation of Mass

Question 12

Formal Operational (4 Stages)

Answer 12

12+, Abstract thinking, Symbolism, Scientific Reasoning