Unit 1 Bio

Question 1

Name at least 2 characteristics of life

Answer 1

Order, Evolutionary Adaptation, Irritability, Growth & Development, Reproduction, Energy processing, Regulation

Question 2

A student wrote “The solution turned bluish-green in her notebook. What type of data is that?

Answer 2

Qualitative data

Question 3

T or F. A community is a group of interacting organisms of one species.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The study of fungi is commonly referred to as ?

Answer 4

Mycology

Question 5

What is a something that has mass and takes up space called?

Answer 5

Matter

Question 6

What is the atomic number of oxygen (8 electrons, 8 protons, 8 neutrons)?

Answer 6

8

Question 7

Atom X has an atomic number of 15 and is a cation (magnitude of 1). How many electrons does it have?

Answer 7

14

Question 8

Atom X also has an atomic weight of 32. How many neutrons does it have (use the information from question 7) ?

Answer 8

17

Question 9

This subatomic particle is responsible for the chemical properties of an atom.

Answer 9

Electron

Question 10

What is a positively charged ion called?

Answer 10

Cation

Question 11

What are the outermost electrons that are involved with bond formation called?

Answer 11

Valence

Question 12

What type of bond is seen when electrons are shared between atoms?

Answer 12

Covalent

Question 13

The tendency of water molecules to stick together is an example of what property of water?

Answer 13

Cohesion

Question 14

What are the dissolved particles in a solution called?

Answer 14

Solute

Question 15

What term is used to describe a substance that will not dissolve in water?

Answer 15

Hydrophobic

Question 16

These substances resist changes in pH.

Answer 16

Buffers

Question 17

T or F. pH is a direct measurement of the OH concentration in a solution.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

What are the repeating units called that will join to form macromolecules?

Answer 18

Monomers

Question 19

This is the name of the reaction that joins smaller molecules
to form larger ones.

Answer 19

Dehydration synthesis

Question 20

This type of lipid aids in protection in plants and animals.

Answer 20

Waxes

Question 21

What is the name of the bond that links amino acids together?

Answer 21

Peptide bonds

Question 22

What is the name of the covalent bond that links carbohydrate monomers together?

Answer 22

Glyosidic Linkage

Question 23

This is the name of the reaction that joins smaller molecules to form larger ones.

Answer 23

Dehydration synthesis

Question 24

Starch is a polymer of what molecule?

Answer 24

Glucose

Question 25

T or F. Only plant cells have a vacuole.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

Name one difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Answer 26

size, nucleus, membrane organelles

Question 27

Name one structure that is found in animal cells but not in plant cells.

Answer 27

Centrioles

Question 28

T or F. All cells have a cell membrane.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is the function of the nucleolus?

Answer 29

To produce ribosomal subunits

Question 30

A cell is making a membrane protein. What organelle would be responsible for this?

Answer 30

Rough E.R

Question 31

A muscle cell needs to store and release calcium. What organelle would be responsible for this?

Answer 31

Smooth E.R

Question 32

This organelle is the site of cellular respiration.

Answer 32

Mitochondria

Question 33

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 33

Package and modify proteins

Question 34

Materials brought into a cell to be digested would most likely end up in this organelle.

Answer 34

Lysosome

Question 35

What is a theory?

Answer 35

Overwhelming evidence that supports something

Question 36

What is a law?

Answer 36

Gives a mathematical formula that can calculator how something works & works every time

Question 37

Hierarchical Organizations?

Answer 37

Biosphere Ecosystem ( biotic and abiotic components) Communities Populations Organ and organ system Tissue Cells Organelles Molecules Atoms

Question 38

Difference btw community & population

Answer 38

Population is when same species are living in an environment at the same time. Community is different species.

Question 39

What is systems biology?

Answer 39

Constructs models for the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems

Question 40

Three domains of life ?

Answer 40

Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya (Protista, Animalia, Plantae, and fungi kingdom)

Question 41

CHNOPS

Answer 41

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

Question 42

Nuetrons?

Answer 42

No charge & a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu) or (Dalton)

Question 43

Protons

Answer 43

+ charge

Question 44

Atomic # ?

Answer 44

equal to the # of protons

Question 45

Mass number ?

Answer 45

Equal to the # of protons & neutrons (similar to atomic mass )

Question 46

Ions

Answer 46

Atoms that have either gained or lost an electron

Question 47

Cation

Answer 47

Ion with positive charge (lost an electron)

Question 48

Anion

Answer 48

Ion with negative charge (gained an electron)

Question 49

Isotope

Answer 49

Atoms with the same number of positive electrons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 50

Atom X (at # 7) is a cation with a magnitude of 2. How many electrons?

Answer 50

5

Question 51

Atom X ( at # 14) is an anion with a magnitude of 3. How many electrons?

Answer 51

17

Question 52

Rank the 3 shells (Thirdest shell, Second shell, First shell)

Answer 52

Third shell: The highest level of energy, Second shell: A higher level of energy, First shell: The lowest shell of energy

Question 53

What is inert elements?

Answer 53

Inert elements: have their outermost energy level fully occupied by electrons (don't interact)

Question 54

What is an reactive element ?

Answer 54

Do not have outermost energy level fully occupied by electron (interact )

Question 55

What is hydrogen?

Answer 55

Too weak to bond atoms together, Only occurs when H forms a covalent bond with O or N

Question 56

What is non polar molecules?

Answer 56

Electrons share equally

Question 57

What are polar molecules?

Answer 57

Unequal sharing of electrons

Question 58

What is a chemical equilibrium ?

Answer 58

The forward and reverse reaction rates are

Question 59

What are the properties of water?

Answer 59

High degree of cohesion High surface tension High specific heat High heat vaporization Polar solvent properties

Question 60

What is solute ?

Answer 60

Dissolved particles (dye)

Question 61

What is solvent?

Answer 61

Dissolving medium (water)

Question 62

Reactivity

Answer 62

An important part of hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis reactions

Question 63

Acid release

Answer 63

H+ - proton donors ex) HCI = H+ + Cl

Question 64

Bases release

Answer 64

OH- - proton acceptors ex) Na+ = OH-

Question 65

Acidic solution

Answer 65

higher H+ concentration, lower pH (0-6.99)

Question 66

Alkaline solutions

Answer 66

low H+ concentration, higher pH (7.01-14)

Question 67

Neutral Solutions

Answer 67

equal H+ and OH concentration (7.00)

Question 68

How many more times more acidic is coffee with a pH of 5 than distilled water (7) ?

Answer 68

100

Question 69

What are carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids?

Answer 69

Macromolecules

Question 70

What do 4 covalent bonds make?

Answer 70

C skeleton

Question 71

COOH is ?

Answer 71

Carboxy

Question 72

What is dehydration synthesis?

Answer 72

Water molecule is removed to join 2 monomers to form a polymer (Join monomers to make polymers)

Question 73

What is hydrolysis?

Answer 73

A polymer is spilled into monomers by the addition of water

Question 74

What has 3 Carbons?

Answer 74

Triose

Question 75

What has 5 Carbons ?

Answer 75

Pentose

Question 76

What has 6 Carbons?

Answer 76

Hexose

Question 77

What has glucose and fructose? ex) table sugar

Answer 77

Glucose

Question 78

What has glucose & galactose? ex) diary sugar

Answer 78

Lactose

Question 79

What has glucose and glucose? ex) malt sugar

Answer 79

Maltose

Question 80

Which of the following is the most water-soluble? A. Glucose B. Sucrose C. Glycogen D. starch

Answer 80

Glucose

Question 81

T or F? Are fats solid and oil liquid?

Answer 81

True

Question 82

What is the difference in Saturated and Unsaturated?

Answer 82

Saturated has no c skeleton while unsaturated does

Question 83

What are the structural level of organizations?

Answer 83

Primary Structure - sequence of aa Secondary structure - H bonding by the way the repeating units (Alpha helix, beta-pleated sheet) tertiary structure - 3D shape, interactions of side chain Quaternary structure - subunit association, also 3D

Question 84

What are molecule chaperone?

Answer 84

Help proteins fold

Question 85

Fibrous protein ?

Answer 85

more of a structural role, extended & strand-like proteins ex) keratin, collage

Question 86

Globular proteins

Answer 86

more of a functional role, compacted & spherical proteins ex)antibodies

Question 87

What is a nucleotide made of?

Answer 87

Phosphate group, pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base

Question 88

What are the characteristics of a pro. cell

Answer 88

Lack nucleus Lack of membrane-bound organelles Enclosed by plasma membrane Inside - DNA, ribosomes

Question 89

What are the characteristics of a euk. cell

Answer 89

Larger and more complex than pro. Cytoplasm contains organelles Compartmentalize reason is bigger than pro.

Question 90

Look at cell flash cards

Answer 90

thank you

Question 91

Common modifications in Golgi (3)

Answer 91

1. Glycosylated - carbs will be added on 2. aa can be deleted 3. Disulfide bond will form

Question 92

Lysosomes

Answer 92

only in animals, breaks useless tissue, digests ingested bacteria, viruses, and & toxins, degrades nonfunctional organelles, breakdown to release Ca^2 plus

Question 93

Endomembrane systems

Answer 93

group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins

Question 94

Apoptosis

Answer 94

Cell death (wants this to happen)

Question 95

Necrosis

Answer 95

Cell death (by injury )

Question 96

9 + 3

Answer 96

3 tubes in 9 groups

Question 97

Cilia

Answer 97

shorter, helps with movement, 9 + 2

Question 98

Flagella

Answer 98

only in sperm in humans, propel cell