apush Flashcards
1
Q
Manifest Destiny
A
the idea that white Americans were divinely ordained to settle the entire continent of North America.
2
Q
Mexican-American War
A
war about gaining texas are from mexico
3
Q
Treaty of Guadalupe (1848)
A
officially ended mexican America war & gave Texas, California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, most of Arizona and Colorado, and parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Wyoming
4
Q
Homestead Act
A
gave land for person doing xyz
5
Q
Free-soilers
A
Political party wanted no slavery in the West bc these farmers didn’t want to complete w/ plantation
6
Q
Popular sovereignty
A
Let the people vote for they want to be a slave/not slave state
7
Q
Compromise of 1850
A
cali & dc. is a free state, but harsher fugitive slave law passed
8
Q
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
A
The story of Uncle Tom, an enslaved person, depicted as saintly and dignified, noble and steadfast in his beliefs, fantasy
9
Q
Fugitive Slave Act 1850
A
required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state.
10
Q
Bleeding Kansas
A
bloodshed by pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups, lasting until the violence died down in roughly 1859
11
Q
Dred Scott case (1857)
A
slaves couldn’t sue their owner bc they were property –> no such thing as a free state
12
Q
Election of 1860
A
Abe won
13
Q
Emancipation Proclamation
A
declared “that all persons held as slaves” within the rebellious states “are, and henceforward shall be free.”
14
Q
13th Amendment
A
abolished slavery in the United States.
14
Q
14th Amendment
A
granted citizenship to all persons “born or naturalized in the United States,” including formerly enslaved people, and provided all citizens with “equal protection under the laws,”
15
Q
15th Amendment
A
guaranteed that the right to vote could not be denied based on “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
16
Q
Freedmen’s Bureau
A
assist former slaves in getting employment, education, food, and clothing.
16
Q
Sharecropping
A
a system where the landlord/planter allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop.
17
Q
Black codes
A
restricted black people’s right to own property, conduct business, buy and lease land, and move freely through public spaces.
18
Q
Compromise of 1877
A
removal of federal troops in the South in exchange for Rep. President Hayes
19
Q
Iroquois Confederacy
A
alliance btw colonizers and native Americans in New England
20
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
new world and old world exchange their goods
21
Q
Treaty of Tordesillas
A
an agreement between the Kingdoms of Spain and Portugal that defined where each could explore and claim lands.
22
Q
Ecomienda
A
Native slavery
23
Castas system
race-based social class/systems btw natives and spanish
24
Pope's Rebellion
natives killed over 400 Spaniards and drove the remaining 2,000 Spanish settlers south toward Mexico
25
Bartolome de Las Casas
spanish guy that hated native slavery
26
Gines de Supulveda
spanish guy that loved native slavery
27
strict interpretationist
strictally follow the constitution
28
loose interpretationist
breifly follows the constitution
29
Louisiana Purchase Controversy
didn't follow the constitution
30
McCulloch v. Maryland
Bank is constitutional
30
Marbury v. Madison
Judicial review
31
Gibbons v. Ogden
Congress regulates interstate commerce....not the states
32
Worcester v. Georgia
Cherokee have a right to native lands
33
Era of good feelings
a period in the political history of the United States that reflected a sense of national purpose and a desire for unity among Americans in the aftermath of the War of 1812.
34
the American Systems
the policy of promoting industry in the U.S. by adoption of a high protective tariff and of developing internal improvements by the federal government
35
Missouri's Statehood Controversy
Missouri's statehood would disrupt the slave-not slave balance (11-11)
36
Compromise of 1820
36-30 Pararell
2 states must be added to remain the state balance
37
Monroe Doctrine
warned European powers not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.
38
Market Reveloution
a period in the 1820s-1830s in which the economy and society shifted from moral economies to a capitalist system.
Industrial BOOM
39
Whigs
Anti-Jackson
40
Dem.-Republicians
Pro Jackson
41
Jackson's "Extension" of Federal Power (he vetoed/say no to all of these)
1. S. Carolina's View of the Tariff (1828)
2. The Bank War
3. "Indian Removal"
42
Abolition
No slavery
43
2nd Great Awakening
Religions would revive during 1790-1840
44
Utopian
religious and reform minded groups influend by European smarty pants
44
Transcendentalism
a 19th-century American philosophical and theological movement that emphasizes self-reliance and respect for nature.
45
Women's suffrage
guaranteeing women the right to vote
46
Panic of 1873
a financial crisis that lasted from 1873 to 1877 or 1879 that caused an economic depression in the United States and Europe
47
Vertical Monopolization
Control all phases of production to cut out the middle man (Cargenie)
48
Horizontal Monopolization
Cut out competition
49
Capt. of Industry
responsible for propelling U.S.'s economy seen as philanthropists(someone who donates their time, money, skills, or talent to improve the world)
49
Robber Barons
took advantage of workers & was like Rockerfeller
50
Laissez-faire
Government hands off approach
51
Social Darwinism
some ppl were "born to be poor" and others are "born to be rich"
52
Carnegie's "Gospel of Wealth"
Rich ppl should support the poor
53
Yellow Dog Contract
Employees couldn't join unions bc of this contract
54
Knights of Labor
a union that accepted ALL workers, no success
55
American Federation of Labor
a union that mostly accepted males, some success
56
Chinese Exclusion Act
the first significant law restricting immigration into the United States for Chinese ppl
57
Dawes Act
the law authorized the President to break up reservation land, which was held in common by the members of a tribe, into small allotments to be parceled out to individuals.
58
Nativism
Americans >>>>> American immigrants
59
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
legally established "separate but equal"
60
Pendleton Civil Service Act
gov. jobs are given by hard work rather than spoils system
61
Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
gov. overseas businesses
62
Sherman Anti Trust Act
forbid any trust that restricted trade/Commerce across state lines
63
American Imperialism
the expansion of the United States' political, economic, cultural, media, and military influence beyond the country's borders.
64
Spanish American War (1898)
conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the western Pacific and Latin America
65
Big sister policy
it was right for u.s. to be a big sister to latin countries
65
Treaty of Paris (1898)
treaty concluding the Spanish-American War
65
Yellow Journalism
Propaganda to Spain during the Spanish American War
66
Who are the 3 Progressive Presidents?
T. Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson
66
Open Door Policy
supported China and share Chinese access
67
Clayton Anti Trust Act
responsible for making sure that companies behave themselves
68
C.C.C.
Civilian Conservation Corps = recruit unemployed young men from urban areas to perform conservation work throughout the nation's forests, parks, and fields.
69
18th Amendment
Temperance
70
19th Amendment
Women's right to vote
70
Red summer
racial riots in 1919
71
C.P.I
brainwashing Americans during the war
72
Red scare
A period in the United States history when everyone was so caught up in containment of communism
73
Great migration
a mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to urban areas in the North, Midwest, and West between 1910 and 1970
74
Dust Bowl
1935 of a horrific dust storm
75
F.D.I
Guarantee ppl money if banks go down (recovery)
75
S.C.E
Regulate stock market (Reform)
76
Neutrality Act 1939
to prevent the country from becoming involved in foreign wars
77
British Policies on the Colonies
Taxes
Navigation Acts
Stamp Act
Sugar Act
77
Pontiac's Rebellion
English won land France, they expanded to Native lands which caused tensions --> war
77
Boston Massacre
seven British soldiers fired into a crowd of volatile Bostonians, killing five, wounding another six, and angering an entire colony
78
Sons/Daughter of Liberity
American colonists who supported the patriot cause violentlly
79
Republican womanhood
patriots' daughters should be raised to uphold the ideals of republicanism, in order to pass on republican values to the next generation
80
NorthWest Ordiance 1787
Set rules for statehood
81
Constitution's Compromises
Electoral College
2 houses
3/5 Compromise
82
Federalist
Strong central gov.
Educated idv. would be in charge
83
Anti-Federalist
Power in the states
Citizens should be in charge
84
Whiskey Rebellion
farmers from Western Pennsylvania rose up in protest of what they saw as unfair taxation and provided the new nation
85
Jay's Treaty
an agreement between the United States and Great Britain in 1794
86
Washington's Farewell Warnings
No permeant alliance
No 2 parties
87
Impressment
the forced enlistment of men into a military force,
88
XYZ Affair
a diplomatic incident between the United States and France that took place in 1797-0 1798
89
Alien & Sedition Acts
limited speech critical of the government
90
Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions
States can nullify when they feel like it
91
Cold War
period of tensions btw U.S. & Soviets w/o fighting
92
Churchill's Iron Curtain speech
emphasize the necessity for the United States and Britain to act as the guardians of peace and stability against the menace of Soviet communism
93
Containment Policy
stop communism from spending
94
Detente Policy
cooling of tensions
95
Marshall Plan
U.S. gives money to war torn Europe to show Capt. is so cool
96
Truman Doctrine
United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.
97
Ping Pong diplomacy
first public sign of improved relations between the United States and China in 1971
97
Vietnamilazation
U.S. stepped out of Vietnam
98
Sunbelt
region of the United States that includes the Southeast and Southwest
99
G.I Bill
gave war veterans housing, schooling
100
Brown v. Board
Legalized stopping segregation
101
MLK vs. Malcolm X
MLK: wanted races to mix
Malcolm X: black supermacy
102
Civil Rights Act
prohibited discrimination in public places
103
Voting Rights Act
direct federal intervention to enable African Americans to register and vote
104
Cesar Chavez
Latino civil rights activist
105
Phyllis Schlafly
equal rights amendment
106
Stonewall Riots
a series of homosexuals riots over police action against The Stonewall Inn
107
OPEC
countries that pinch oil supply
107
Iran Hostage Crisis
held 52 of them hostage for more than a yea
108
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
right to accused protected from self incriminatio
109
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
right to counsel
110
Baker v. Carr
attempted to balance rural and suburban white communties
111
Roe v. Wade
abortion is legal
112
Bakke v. Uni. Cali (1978)
affirmative action
113
great society
war on poverty
114
Colonziation goals of spain
3 G's
114
Colonziation goals of france
$, rivarly
115
Colonziation goals of dutch
new trade route
116
Colonziation goals of british
$
117
Chesapeake
Society: Mostly men
Economic Activities: Tabacco
Politics: Houses of Burgesses
118
New England
Society: Religious famalies
Economic Activities: Fishing/trade
Politics: Theocracy, town halls
119
Middle
Society: Tolerance, diversity
Economic Activities: breads
Politics: idv. charters
120
Caribbean & carolinas
Society: mixed
Economic Activities: sugar/indigo/rice
Politics: idv. charters
121
Mercantilism
economic theory that encourages a country to maximize exports and minimize imports
122
Navigation acts
series of laws passed by the British Parliament that imposed restrictions on colonial trade
123
bacon's rebellion
a rebellion against Virginia Governor William Berkeley that took place from 1676 to 1677
124
1st great Awakening (1730s)
brought about new views & branches of Protestantism--decline in Anglican & puritan
125
Zenger trial
enlightenment ideals
