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2S PC & TC > U8.1.1 DRUG OF ABUSE > Flashcards

U8.1.1 DRUG OF ABUSE Flashcards

1
Q

Dependence / Addiction

Physical, Tolerance

A

Dependence

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2
Q

T/F Drugs of Abuse has no no medical indication

A

T

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3
Q

Dependence / Addiction

Withdrawal Syndrome, Non-psychoactive drugs

A

Dependence

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4
Q

Dependence / Addiction

Psychological, Compulsion

A

Addiction

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5
Q

Dependence / Addiction

Relapsing, Craving

A

Addiction

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6
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System

reward neurotransmitter

A

Dopamine

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7
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System

for reward, pleasure, euphoria, motor function, compulsion & perseveration

A

Dopamine

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8
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System (Class Type)

Target GPCRs - G protein coupled receptors

A

Class 1

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9
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System (Class Type)

Opioids, THC, GHB, Cannabinoids, LSD, Mescaline, Psilocybi

A

Class 1

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10
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System (Class Type)

Target ion channels

A

Class 2

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11
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System (Class Type)

Drugs that bind to Ionotropic receptors

A

Class 2

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12
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System (Class Type)

Benzodiazepines, Nicotine, Ethanol, Alcohol, Ketamine & PCP, Inhalants

A

Class 2

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13
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System (Class Type)

Drugs that Bind to Transporters of Biogenic Amines

A

Class 3

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14
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System (Class Type)

Targets transporters which are post-protein receptors that transports for recycling or for storage of our neurotransmitters

A

Class 3

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15
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine System (Class Type)

Cocaine, Amphetamine, Ecstasy (MDMA)

A

Class 3

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16
Q

T/F Drugs have different schedules on how they can be regulated legally for each drug

A

F

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17
Q

Regulation Schedule

High potential for abuse, no known medical use and lacks accepted safety for use

A

Schedule I

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18
Q

Regulation Schedule

Heroin, Lyserg ic acid diethylamide

A

Schedule I

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19
Q

Regulation Schedule

Potential for abuse with proven and accepted medical use but WITH SEVERE RESTRICTIONS, because abuse may cause severe psycho/physio dependence

A

Schedule II

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20
Q

Regulation Schedule

morphine, cocaine, methadone, methampetamine, phencyclidine

A

Schedule II

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21
Q

Regulation Schedule

Less potential for abuse than schedule I or II; with accepted medical use

A

Schedule III

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22
Q

Regulation Schedule

Abuse may cause moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence

A

Schedule III

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23
Q

Regulation Schedule

Anabolic steroids, codeine and hydrocodone, with aspirin or Tylenol

A

Schedule III

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24
Q

Regulation Schedule

The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule III

A

Schedule IV

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25
Q

Regulation Schedule

Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to limited physical dependence or psycholog ical dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule III

A

Schedule IV

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26
Q

Regulation Schedule

Valium and Xanax

A

Schedule IV

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27
Q

Regulation Schedule

The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule IV

A

Schedule V

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28
Q

Regulation Schedule

Cough syrups and codeine

A

Schedule V

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29
Q

Tolerance

Reduction of concentration

A

Pharmacokinetic Tolerance

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30
Q

Tolerance

Shorter duration of action

A

Pharmacokinetic Tolerance

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31
Q

Tolerance

Recruitment of Adaptor protein (β-arrestin)

A

Pharmacodynamic Tolerance

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32
Q

Tolerance

Desensitization

A

Pharmacodynamic Tolerance

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33
Q

Tolerance

Receptor internalization

A

Pharmacodynamic Tolerance

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34
Q

Counter-regulatory system in our body

A

Withdrawal Symptoms

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35
Q
  • High motivation to obtain and use
  • Negative consequences
A

Addiction

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36
Q

Addiction

Re-exposure, Stress, Context recall

A

Relapse

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37
Q
  • Alter perception; no reward/euphoria
  • Targets cortical and thalamic system
A

Non addictive Drug Abuse

38
Q

Type of Non-addictive Drug

Opioids, Cannabinoids, GHB, LSD, Mescaline, & Psilocybin

A

Drugs that Activate G-protein coupled receptors

39
Q

Type of Non-addictive Drug

Nicotine, Benzodiazepines, Alcohol, Ketamine & PCP, Inhalants

A

Drugs that Bind to Ionotropic receptors

40
Q

Type of Non-addictive Drug

Coccaine, Amphetamines, Ecstasy (MDMA)

A

Drugs that Bind to Transporters of Biogenic Amines

41
Q

Type of Drug

  • Strong analgesics
  • Narcotic – “sleep inducing”
A

Opioids

42
Q

Type of Drug

Opiates – morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine

A

Opioids

43
Q

Opioid receptor subtype

Supraspinal and spinal analgesia; sedation; inhibition of respiration; slowed gastrointestinal transit; modulation of hormone and neurotransmitter release

A

μ (mu)

44
Q

Opioid receptor subtype

Endorphins > enkephalins > dynorphins

A

μ (mu)

45
Q

Opioid receptor subtype

Supraspinal and spinal analgesia; modulation of hormone and neurotransmitter release

A

δ (delta)

46
Q

Opioid receptor subtype

Enkephalins > endorphins and dynorphins

A

δ (delta)

47
Q

Opioid receptor subtype

Supraspinal and spinal analgesia; psychotomimetic effects; slowed gastrointestinal transit

A

κ (kappa)

48
Q

Opioid receptor subtype

Dynorphins > > endorphins and enkephalins

A

κ (kappa)

49
Q

Opioid receptor subtype

Among the 3, the very important is the ____ receptor subtype that can cause inhibition of respiration

A

μ (mu)

50
Q

Type of Drug

  • Papaver somniferum
  • powerful narcotic,
    painkiller principal active ingredient is MORPHINE
A

Opioids

51
Q

Type of Drug

Insomnia, hallucination, nightmares

A

Opioids

52
Q

Type of Drug

More pronounced e ects than heroin

A

Opioids

53
Q

Type of Drug

Smack, H, ska, junk

A

Heroin

54
Q

Type of Drug

  • An addictive drug as a white or brown powder
  • Tends to be used with other drugs
A

Heroin

55
Q

Type of Drug

  • T1/2= 3-5 hrs, therefore several doses/ day
  • Withdrawal symptoms 5-10 hrs after
A

Heroin

56
Q

Type of Drug

  • One of the componenrts of some cough syrups
  • synthesized from thebaine
A

Oxycodone

57
Q

Type of Drug

  • derived from codeine
  • tablet or oral form
  • increasingly popular
A

Oxycodone

58
Q

Type of Drug

pethidine; Demerol

A

Meperidine

59
Q

Type of Drug

serious interaction with MAO’s

A

Meperidine

60
Q

Type of Drug

attempts to illicitly produce meperidine has resulted
in MPTP which can cause parkinsonism

A

Meperidine

61
Q

Opioid drug interactions (Drug Group)

Increased central nervous system depression, particularly respiratory depression.

A

Sedative- hypnotics

62
Q

Opioid drug interactions (Drug Group)

Relative contraindication to all opioid analgesics because of the high incidence of hyperpyrexic coma; hypertension has also been reported.

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

63
Q

Opioid drug interactions (Drug Group)

Increased sedation. Variable effects on respiratory depression. Accentuation of cardiovascular effects (antimuscarinic and α-blocking actions).

A

Antipsychotic agents

64
Q

Type of Drugs

Alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)

A

Sedative - hypnotics

65
Q

Type of Drug

  • Can be short- to long- acting
  • The longer the duration the less the withdrawal
A

Sedative - hypnotics

66
Q

Type of Drug

Anxiety, tremors, twitches, vomiting

A

Sedative - hypnotics

67
Q

Type of Drug

Rare occurrence of physiologic dependence

A

Benzodiazepines

68
Q

Type of Drug

  • “Therapeutic Dose Dependence”
  • weight loss, change in perception, paresthesia, headache
A

Benzodiazepines

69
Q

Type of Drug

  • used for date rape
  • causes Anterograde amnesia
A

Flunitrazepam

70
Q

Type of Drug

  • GABAa receptors
  • usually Short- acting drugs
A

Barbiturates

71
Q

Type of Drug

Secobarbital, pentobarbital Na

A

Barbiturates

72
Q

Type of Drug

Euphoria, Alcoholism, A ffect GABAa and NMDA

A

Alcohol

73
Q

Type of Drug

Withdrawal : motor agitation, anxiety, insomnia, hallucination, abnormal vital signs, Seizures

A

Alcohol

74
Q

Type of Drug

  • GABAb
  • Naturally found in body
A

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

75
Q

Type of Drug

  • Can be found in fermented drinks like guava
    (Psidium guajava)
  • Euphoric, sedative, anabolic
A

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

76
Q

Type of Drug

Component of liquid ecstasy, soap, easy lay, vita-G

A

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

77
Q

Type of Drug

Use with alcohol can produce breathing problems

A

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

78
Q

Type of Drug

Withdrawal eff ects include insomnia, anxiety, tremors, sweating

A

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

79
Q

Treatment

For Short acting and Long acting drugs

A

chlordiazepoxide or phenobarbital

80
Q

Treatment

For alcohol

A

disulfiram, naltrexone

81
Q

Type of Drug

Marijuana Cannabis sativa

A

Cannabinoids

82
Q

Type of Drug (Cannabinoids)

Tetrahydrocannabinol (is the one that is addictive), cannabinol and cannabidiol (already approved for ADHD, cerebral palsy etc.)

A

Marijuana

83
Q

Type of Drug (Cannabinoids)

  • Cannabinoid receptors (CB1), separate receptor
  • Can be Smoked or joined with ingredients in making brownies or fermented products (beer)
A

Marijuana

84
Q

Type of Drug (Cannabinoids)

  • Eff ects in 2-3 inhalations
A

Marijuana

85
Q

Type of Drug (Cannabinoids)

Antiemetic, Tolerance, uncertain e ect on fetus, Amotivational syndrome, diseases related to smoking

A

Marijuana

86
Q

Type of Drug (Cannabinoids)

for chemotherapy patients

A

Nabilone

87
Q

Type of Drug (Cannabinoids)

used for MS (Multiple Sclerosis)

A

Nabiximol

88
Q

Type of Drug Group

Marijuana, Dronabinol, Nabilone, Nabiximol

A

Cannabinoids

89
Q

Antidote/Medication to GABAb

A

Phenobarbital

90
Q

Benzodiazepine toxicity/overdose
can be reversed by

A

Flumazenil

2S PC & TC (17 decks)

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