U3-3-2 - Haloalkanes Flashcards
What is this type of molecule called?
Haloalkane
What feature of haloalkanes allows nucleophiles to attack them?
Carbon-halogen bond is polar.
(Nucleophile can attack C)
Why is this type of reaction significant in chemistry?
Increases length of carbon chain
(which is normally hard to do!)
This is shorthand for acid hydrolysis
Name this type of reaction
Acid (catalysed) hydrolysis
Carbocation
A species with a positively charged carbon atom.
Which type of carbocations are the least stable?
Primary
Why are tertiary carbocations the most stable?
Due to the inductive effect.
Alkyl groups push e− density towards the positively charged C atom, which stabilises the charge.
(steric hindrance is a 2nd reason)
What do the numbers refer to in SN1 and SN2?
Number of particles in RDS
Step 1 of SN1