U1-2-3 - Molecule and Ion Shapes Flashcards

1
Q

Bonding electron pairs

A

Electron pairs involved in covalent bonds

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2
Q

Non-bonding (lone) electron pairs

A

Electron pairs not involved in covalent bonds

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3
Q

Dative bond

A

A type of covalent bond formed when both bonding e are donated by one atom.

The other atom accepts them into an empty orbital.

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4
Q

Electron pairs are negatively charged and ___________ each other. They are arranged in 3D to minimise repulsion and maximise separation.

A

repel

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5
Q

Electron pairs are negatively charged and repel each other. They are arranged in 3D to minimise ____________ and maximise separation.

A

repulsion

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6
Q

Electron pairs are negatively charged and repel each other. They are arranged in 3D to minimise repulsion and maximise _____________.

A

separation

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7
Q

Name this type of bond

A type of covalent bond formed when both bonding e are donated by one atom.

The other atom accepts them into an empty orbital.

A

Dative bond

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8
Q

To use VSEPR, it is necessary to find out the no. of e pairs surrounding a central atom.

To do this:

  • ___________________________________________
  • Add an e for every negative charge

•Remove an e for every positive charge

Divide the total no. of e by two to give the number of e pairs.

A

Take the total number of valence e on the central atom and add one for each atom attached

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9
Q

To use VSEPR, it is necessary to find out the no. of e pairs surrounding a central atom.

To do this:

  • Take the total number of valence e on the central atom and add one for each atom attached
  • _________________________________

•Remove an e for every positive charge

Divide the total no. of e by two to give the number of e pairs.

A

Add an e for every negative charge

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10
Q

To use VSEPR, it is necessary to find out the no. of e pairs surrounding a central atom.

To do this:

  • Take the total number of valence e on the central atom and add one for each atom attached
  • Add an e for every negative charge

__________________________________

Divide the total no. of e by two to give the number of e pairs.

A

Remove an e for every positive charge

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11
Q

To use VSEPR, it is necessary to find out the no. of e pairs surrounding a central atom.

To do this:

  • Take the total number of valence e on the central atom and add one for each atom attached
  • Add an e for every negative charge

•Remove an e for every positive charge

•___________________________________

A

Divide the total no. of e by two to give the number of e pairs.

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12
Q

Name this shape

A

Tetrahedral

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13
Q

Name this shape

A

Trigonal bipyramidal

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14
Q

Name this shape

A

Octahedral

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15
Q

Name this shape

A

Trigonal planar

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16
Q

Which combination of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs has the lowest repulsion?

A

Bonding + bonding

Repulsion reduced due to attraction to positive nuclei

17
Q

Which combination of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs has the highest repulsion?

A

Non-bonding + non-bonding

18
Q

Shape when 6 bonding pairs are present

A

Octahedral

19
Q

Shape when 4 bonding pairs are present

A

Tetrahedral

20
Q

Shape when 3 bonding, 1 non-bonding pair are present

A

Trigonal pyramidal

21
Q

Shape when 2 bonding, 2 non-bonding pairs are present

A

Angular (e.g. H2O)

22
Q

Shape when 5 bonding pairs are present

A

Trigonal bipyramidal

23
Q

Shape when 3 bonding pairs are present

A

Trigonal planar