U2 Key Area 2- Control And Communication Flashcards
What is the nervous system made up of (2)
CNS and nerves
What is the CNS made up of (2)
Brain and Spinal cord
What are the 3 parts of the brain
- cerebrum
-cerebellum - medulla
Cerebrum
Medulla
Cerebellum
What is the function of the cerebrum
Controls conscious thoughts, memory and personality
What is the function of the cerebellum
Controls muscle coordination and balance
What is the function of the medulla
Controls breathing and heart rate
What is the 1st step for the CNS to control the body
Receptors in the senses detect a stimulus
What is the 2nd step for the CNS to control the body
Electrical impulses carry the message along neurons
What is the 3rd step for the CNS to control the body
Sensory neuron takes message to the CNS
What is the 4th step for the CNS to control the body
Inter neuron operates within the CNS where the message is processed and a response is generated
What is the 5th step for the CNS to control the body
Motor neuron travels away form CNS and takes the response to an effector
What is the 6th step for the CNS to control the body
Responses may be a rapid action form a muscle to a slow response from a gland
What is a synapse
A small gap between two neurons
How do electrical impulses pass between neurons
In order for the electrical impulses to pass between neurons, chemicals (neurotransmitters) must be released which cross the synapse and trigger a response at the next neuron.
Hormones
Chemical messengers produces by endocrine glands
Where are hormones carried
Carried all over the body in the blood to specific target cells
What do hormones bind with
Hormones bind to a complementary receptor cell surface and causes changes to occur inside the cell.
How does an increase in blood return to a normal blood sugar level (6)
- Increase in blood sugar
- Change detected by the pancreas
- Insulin release increases
- Glucose taken in by cells
- Glycogen stores increase
- Normal blood sugar level
How does a decrease in blood sugar return to a normal blood sugar level (5)
-Decrease in blood sugar
- Change detected by the pancreas
- glucagon release increases
- glucagon broken down into glucose
- Normal blood sugar level
What is type 1 diabetes the result of
Person not producing enough insulin
How does a person get type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a result of the insulin having no effect in the liver
