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Nat 5 Biology > Key Area 6- Respiration > Flashcards

Key Area 6- Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the energy released from the breakdown of glucose used to generate.

A

ATP

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2
Q

What can the energy transferred by ATP be used for

A

Cellular activities

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3
Q

Our cells need energy for cellular processes such as….

A
  1. Nerve impulse transmission
  2. Muscle contraction
  3. Protein synthesis
  4. Cell division
  5. Active transport
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4
Q

What is ATP

A

A energy-rich chemical compound

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5
Q

What is ATP made of?.

A

Adenosine and the three inorganic phosphate (Pi) groups

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6
Q

When is the energy stored in the ATP released?

A

When the bonds attracted to the terminal phosphate is broken down by enzymes

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7
Q

What are the two types of respiration?

A
  1. Aerobic respiration (in the presence of oxygen)
  2. Fermentation (in the absence of oxygen)
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8
Q

What is the first stage of respiration, aerobic respiration and fermentation?

A

Glycolysis

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9
Q

What happens in glycolysis?

A

This is happens in the cytoplasm of the cell. There is no oxygen required in this stage.

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10
Q

What products are made form glycolysis?

A

2 ATP (the by-product) and 2 molecules of pyruvate are generated in this stage

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11
Q

What does the diagram of the products of glycolysis look like?

A

GLUCOSE
I
I—————— 2 ATP
I
I
2 PYRUVATE

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12
Q

What is stage 2 with oxygen presence.

A

Krebs Cycle

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13
Q

What is krebs Cycle referred to as

A

Aerobic stage

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14
Q

how many ATP are generated from the aerobic stage

A

a large number of ATP is generated

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15
Q

what is oxygen in Krebs cycle

A

oxygen is present in Krebs cycle

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16
Q

what does the diagram of the Krebs cycle stage look like?

A

2 PYRUVATE + OXYGEN
|
|
|——————large number of ATP
|
|
CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER

17
Q

What is stage 2 is oxygen is absent

A

Fermentation

18
Q

Where does fermentation happen

A

Cytoplasm

19
Q

What us oxygen in the fermentation stage

A

Oxygen is absent

20
Q

How many ATP are generated in the fermentation stage

A

2 ATP are generated

21
Q

What do plant and yeast cells make

A

ETHANOL + CARBON DIOXIDE

22
Q

What do animal cells make

A

LACTATE

23
Q

Animal cell equation

A

Glucose—————> LACTATE + 2ATP

24
Q

Plant and yeast cells equation

A

Glucose—————> ETHANOL + CO2+ 2ATP

25
Q

What is respiration

A

A series of enzyme controlled reactions that release the chemical energy stored in glucose

Nat 5 Biology (10 decks)

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