Key Area 6- Respiration Flashcards
What does the energy released from the breakdown of glucose used to generate.
ATP
What can the energy transferred by ATP be used for
Cellular activities
Our cells need energy for cellular processes such as….
- Nerve impulse transmission
- Muscle contraction
- Protein synthesis
- Cell division
- Active transport
What is ATP
A energy-rich chemical compound
What is ATP made of?.
Adenosine and the three inorganic phosphate (Pi) groups
When is the energy stored in the ATP released?
When the bonds attracted to the terminal phosphate is broken down by enzymes
What are the two types of respiration?
- Aerobic respiration (in the presence of oxygen)
- Fermentation (in the absence of oxygen)
What is the first stage of respiration, aerobic respiration and fermentation?
Glycolysis
Where does glycolysis happen?
This is happens in the cytoplasm of the cell. There is no oxygen required in this stage.
What products are made form glycolysis?
2 ATP (the by-product) and 2 molecules of pyruvate are generated in this stage
What does the diagram of the products of glycolysis look like?
GLUCOSE
I
I—————— 2 ATP
I
I
2 PYRUVATE
What is stage 2 with oxygen presence.
Krebs Cycle
What is krebs Cycle referred to as
Aerobic stage
how many ATP are generated from the aerobic stage
a large number of ATP is generated
what is oxygen in Krebs cycle
oxygen is present in Krebs cycle
what does the diagram of the Krebs cycle stage look like?
2 PYRUVATE + OXYGEN
|
|
|——————large number of ATP
|
|
CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER
What is stage 2 is oxygen is absent
Fermentation
Where does fermentation happen
Cytoplasm
What us oxygen in the fermentation stage
Oxygen is absent
How many ATP are generated in the fermentation stage
2 ATP are generated
What do plant and yeast cells make
ETHANOL + CARBON DIOXIDE
What do animal cells make
LACTATE
Animal cell equation
Glucose—————> LACTATE + 2ATP
Plant and yeast cells equation
Glucose—————> ETHANOL + CO2+ 2ATP
What is respiration
A series of enzyme controlled reactions that release the chemical energy stored in glucose
Where does Krebs cycle happen
Mitochondria
