U2 AOS 2 - the influence of BPS factors on visual perception Flashcards
Biological factors
Binocular, monocular and pictorial depth cues
Binocular depth cues
convergence and retinal disparity
Convergence
Involves the brain detecting and interpreting depth or distances from changes in tension in the eye muscles that occur when the two eyes turn inward to focus on objects that are close.
Retinal disparity
refers to the difference or disparity between different images received on the retina of either eye. The closer the object the greater the disparity
Monocular Depth Cues
Accommodation
Accommodation
involves our lenses bulging and flattering according to how far away an object is
Pictural Depth Cues
Linear perspective, interposition, texture gradient, relative size and height in the visual field.
Psychological factors
Perceptual set, perceptual constancies and gestalt principles
Perceptual set
the tendency to view things in a certain way due to the readiness to perceive certain stimuli. This is influenced by past experience, motivation, context and memory
Perceptual constancies
Shape and size
Size Constancy
refers to the fact that we maintain a constant perception of an objects size even if the object moves nearer or further away
Shape constancy
refers to the fact we can interpret objects when viewed from any angle
Gestalt principles
refers to the guiding rules of perception that allows us to organise and group separate stimuli into meaningful whole. Eg. proximity, similarity, figure ground and closure.
Social factors
culture
Culture
characteristics of a group of people, including their attitudes, behaviour, customs and values that are transmitted from one generation to another.
