U1 | Who's that Philosopher? Flashcards
Father of Western Philosophy
Socrates
Famous as unkown
Socrates
“The unexamined life is not worth living.”
Socrates
“To know, is to know that you know nothing. That is the true meaning of knowledge.”
Socrates
“Only a self-controlled man will know himself and will be capable of looking to see what he actually knows and what he doesn’t know.”
Socrates
Ironic Process and Maieutic Process
Socrates
“Human behavior flows from three main sources: desire, emotion, and knowledge.”
Plato
Aristocles
Plato
Allegory of the Cave
Plato
Theory of Knowledge
Plato
3 elements of the Psyche
Plato
True Le or Lie in the Soul
Plato
“This is the very perfection of man; to find out his own imperfections.”
St. Augustine
The self develops through self-presentation and self-realization
St. Augustine
To be a better person, one should turn to his/her religious beliefs
St. Augustine
Human beings alone, without God, are bound to fail.
St. Augustine
“I think, therefore I am.”
Rene Descartes
Father of Western Modern Philosophy
Rene Descartes
a pioneer or Rationalism
Rene Descartes
Methodic Doubt
Rene Descartes
Dualistic View
Rene Descartes
“It is not enough to have a good mind; the main thing is to use it well.”
Rene Descartes
The essence of yourself is that you are a “THINKING THING,” a dynamic identity that engages in all of those MENTAL OPERATIONS we associate with being a human self.
Rene Descartes
“No man’s knowledge here can go beyond his experience.”
John Locke
tabula rasa
John Locke
“Experience is that upon which all our knowledge is founded; and from that it ultimately derives itself.”
John Locke
Self-reflection is simply a part of experience
John Locke
Experience comes before knowledge
John Locke
“There is no self.”
David Hume
The Bundle Theory of the Self
David Hume
If we carefully examine the contents of our experience, we find that there are only two distinct entities— “impressions” and “ideas”
David Hume
“If man makes himself a worm, he must not complain when he is trodden on.” “
Immannuel Kant
considered by many to be the greatest thinker of the 18th century
Immanuel Kant
The self is always transcendental
Immanuel Kant
Principle of Apperception
Immanuel Kant
Founder of Psychoanalysis
Sigmund Freud
The Self is Multilayered (Topographical & Structural)
Sigmund Freud
Conscious level, subconscious level, unconscious level
Sigmund Freud
Id, Ego, Superego
Sigmund Freud
The self is the “I” that
constitutes both mental and physical actions, with the “I”
being a product of multiple interacting processes.
Sigmund Freud
“I act, therefore I am.”
Gilbert Ryle
Important figure in the field of Linguistic Analysis
Gilbert Ryle
The self may be understood based on the external manifestations
Gilbert Ryle
Advocates logical behaviorism/ philosophical behaviorism
Gilbert Ryle
THE MIND IS NEVER SEPARATE FROM THE BODY
Gilbert Ryle
He was against Descartes’ theory of Dualism
Gilbert Ryle
“I live in my body.”
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Phenomenological
rhythm
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Empiricist view,
Idealist-intellectual alternative
Synthesis of both view
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Perception is a causal
process
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
“Brains are not magical; they are causal machines.”
Paul and Patricia Churchland
It is only the physical brain and not the abstract, imaginary mind that gives us our sense of self
Paul and Patricia Churchland
Folk psychology
Paul and Patricia Churchland
