U1 | Modern Philosophies

Question 1

How does modern philosophies view the self?

Answer 1

Modern philosophical perspectives view the self as a dialectic synthesis between Rationalism and Empiricism, that is, having different points of view but coming to a resolution

Question 2

This deals with thinking and innate ideas, and regards reason as the main source of knowledge

Answer 2

Rationalism

Question 3

This has to do with sense experience where knowledge is based on how one observes and perceives his/her experiences.

Answer 3

Empiricism

Question 4

The use of both reason and experience is called —

Answer 4

dialect synthesis

Question 5

Philosophers under the Modern Philosophies

Answer 5

Rene Descartes
John Locke
Davic Hume
Immanuel Kant

Question 6

Pioneer of rationalism

Answer 6

Rene Descartes

Question 7

What was Rene Descartes regarded as?

Answer 7

Father of Western Modern Philosophy

Question 8

Descartes’ quoted principle

Answer 8

“I think, therefore I am”

Question 9

What is the Latin for “I think, therefore I am”?

Answer 9

Cogito, ergo sum

Question 10

This is where the self exists as one makes use of rational thought, or when one thinks

Answer 10

rational method

Question 11

What is Descartes’ concept of Methodic Doubt about?

Answer 11

Everything must be subjected to doubt/ Everything must be questioned

Question 12

According to Descartes, this is the primary condition for the existence of the self

Answer 12

Human rationality

Question 13

What two concepts are under Descartes’ dualistic view?

Answer 13

1. Spiritual
2. Physical

Question 14

Scottish philosopher whose skeptical examinations of religion, ethics, and history made him a controversial 18th century figure.

Answer 14

David Hume

Question 15

David Hume’s quoted principle

Answer 15

“There is no self”

Question 16

According to Hume, if we carefully examine the contents of our experience, we find that there are only two distinct entities—

Answer 16

1. Impressions
2. Ideas

Question 17

German philosopher considered by many to be the greatest thinker of the 18th century

Answer 17

Immanuel Kant

Question 18

Immanuel Kant’s quoted principle

Answer 18

“If man makes himself a worm, he must not complain when he is trodden on.”

Question 19

He proposed that the self is always transcendental

Answer 19

Immanuel Kant

Question 20

• unifies and makes sense of the perceptions we have in our
  experiences.
• enables sensible ideas about ourselves and our world.

Answer 20

Rationality (according to Kant)