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0839 GSELF > Midterms | Psychological Perspectives of the Self > Flashcards

Midterms | Psychological Perspectives of the Self Flashcards

1
Q

Scientific behavior of the human body and the mind

A

Psychology

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2
Q

4 Main People in the Psychological Perspectives of the Self

A
  1. William James
  2. Karen Horney
  3. Carl Rogers
  4. Albert Bandura
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3
Q

What is the self according to William James?

A

Self is both the “knower” (I self) and the “known” (Me Self)

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4
Q

Physical manifestation/ observable part of the self

A

Me-Self

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5
Q

Empirical self

A

Me-Self

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6
Q

Object of a thought/ idea

A

Me-Self

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7
Q

3 Dimension of Me-Self + descriptions

A
  1. Material Self: things you own
  2. Social Self: significant interpersonal relations
  3. Spiritual Self: one’s personality, character and defining values
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8
Q

Things we are passionate with

A

Spiritual self

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9
Q

Provides the thread of continuity between our past, present, and future self

A

Pure ego

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10
Q

What does William James call the i-self?

A

“Pure ego”

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11
Q

The I-self provides the thread of continuity between our (1), (2), and (3) self

A
  1. past
  2. present
  3. future
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12
Q

What we call the entirety of our life; from the very start until the end

A

pure ego

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13
Q

Self awaraness or the ability to think

A

I-self

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14
Q

The soul or mind

A

I-self

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15
Q

The I-self involves — (life history and experience)

A

subjective experiential features

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16
Q

3 Dimension of the I-self + Descriptions

A
  • Individual Self: Who you are
  • Relational Self: How you relate with other people
  • Collective Self: Yourself when you are in a group
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17
Q

Who said that “To search for truth about the self is as valuable as to search for truth in other areas of life”?

A

Karen Horney

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18
Q

According to Horney, the foundation of a healthy development stems from our —.

A

childhood experiences

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19
Q

Parents need to provide feelings of (1) and (2) to the child in order for them to become psychologically healthy individuals.

A
  1. safety
  2. security
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20
Q

Anger/aggression towards the parents; such feelings are unacceptable and are repressed

A

Basic Hostility

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21
Q

A feeling of inadequacy and helplessness in a perceived hostile world

A

Basic Anxiety

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22
Q

Presence of basic anxiety can lead to the development of this self

A

Idealized Self

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23
Q

Overly positive and perfect image of the self

A

Idealized self

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24
Q

Contains beliefs such as:
- They are better than others
- The world owes them
- They should be perfect
- They should be the best

A

Idealized self

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25
Q

Horney’s 4 Theory of the Self

A

Idealized self
Actualized self
Despised self
Real self

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26
Q

Imaginary picture of the self as the possessor of unlimited powers and superlative qualities

A

Idealized self

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27
Q

One’s view of perfection

A

Idealized self

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28
Q

Idealized self develops when people (1) inferior and have the (2)

A
  1. feel
  2. need to be loved
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29
Q

Who a person is in everyday life

A

Actualized Self

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30
Q

Who a person actually is regardless of other people’s
perceptions

A

Actualized Self

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31
Q

Why is the Actualized Self often despised?

A

Because it fails to fulfill the requirement of the idealized image

32
Q

Negative view of the self

A

Despised Self

33
Q

Despised Self is based on what?

A

Lack of love and acceptance by others

34
Q

Feelings of inferiority and shortcomings

A

Despised Self

35
Q

The feeling that one is hated (one’s true self is the one hated)

A

Despised Self

36
Q

Revealed only as a person begins to shed the various techniques developed to deal with basic anxiety

37
Q

The inner core of personality

38
Q

Real Self is the “(1)” that impels (2) and (3)

A
  1. Force
  2. growth
  3. self-realization
39
Q

One’s potential (the need to be who one truly is)

40
Q

Real self is a combination of what?

A

Idealized self
Actualized self
Despised self

41
Q

2 Types of Tendencies according to Carl Rogers

A

Formative Tendency
Actualizing Tendency

42
Q

Ability to grow from simple to complex organisms

A

Formative Tendency

43
Q

Ability to reach one’s fullest
potential

A

Actualizing Tendency

44
Q

Carl Rogers put emphasis on the — of a person, as it helps us grow and develop

A

human experience

45
Q

2 Divisions of the Self according to Carl Rogers

A

Real-self
Ideal-self

46
Q
  • Aspects of one’s being and experiences that are perceived in awareness
  • Who one truly is
47
Q
  • Pertains to who you want to become in the future
A

Ideal-self

48
Q

Differentiate Horney and Rogers’ concept of Idealized/ Ideal self

A

For Karen Horney, the idealized self is very negative and stems from lack of safety and security thus, shouldn’t be developed.

For Carl Rogers, ideal self is accepted because it helps us build our real self.

49
Q

Proponent of Theory of Personality and Congruence

A

Carl Rogers

50
Q

Requirements for Ideal and Real to overlap:

A
  • Congruence/ Genuineness
  • Empathy
  • Unconditional Positive Regard
51
Q

Accepting the self

A

Congruence/ Genuineness

52
Q

Ability to recognize and understand others’ feelings

53
Q

No conditions of worth

A

Unconditional Positive Regard

54
Q

The self can be proactive and —

55
Q
  • Acting in advance of a future situation
  • Taking control and making things happen
56
Q

Self-organizing, proactive, self-reflective, and self-regulating as times change

57
Q

We are not merely reactive organisms shaped by environmental forces or driven by inner impulses

58
Q

Proposed the concept of human agency

A

Albert Bandura

59
Q

Essence of humanness

A

Human Agency

60
Q

Human Agency is when people are (1), (2), and (3)

A
  1. self-regulating
  2. self-organizing
  3. self-reflective
61
Q

People have the power to influence their own actions and produce the desired consequences

A

Human Agency

62
Q

Core Features of Human Agency

A
  1. Intentionality
  2. Forethought
  3. Self-reactiveness
  4. Self-reflectiveness
63
Q

People are continually changing their plans and are aware of the consequences of their actions.

A

Intentionality

64
Q

People are able to anticipate the possible outcomes of their actions and select behaviors that will produce the desired outcome.

A

Forethought

65
Q

Ability to motivate themselves and regulate their actions.

A

Self-reactiveness

66
Q

People have the ability to examine themselves.

A

Self-reflectiveness

67
Q

Feelings of adequacy, efficiency, and competence in coping with life

A

Self-Efficacy

68
Q

Self-Efficacy can either be (1) or (2)

A
  1. High levels
  2. Low levels
69
Q

Belief that one can deal effectively with events and situations

A

High levels

70
Q

Belief that they are unable to exercise control over events and situations

A

Low levels

71
Q

4 sources of self-efficacy

A
  1. Performance Attainment
  2. Vicarious Experience
  3. Verbal Persuasions
  4. Physiological and Emotional Arousal
72
Q

Previous successful attempts and experiences provide clear indications of one’s level of mastery and competence

A

Performance Attainment

73
Q

Under Performance Attainment, — can demonstrate our capabilities and may increase one’s level of self-efficacy

A

prior achievements

74
Q

Observing and witnessing others perform successfully strengthen self efficacy

A

Vicarious Experience

75
Q

Verbal feedback and encouraging words may help strengthen levels of self-efficacy

A

Verbal Persuasions

76
Q

The more composed we are, the greater one’s self-efficacy is

A

Physiological and Emotional Arousal

0839 GSELF (12 decks)

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