U1 LAB: LAB SAFETY Flashcards
T/F: Employers are required to provide and pay for PPE.
True
This is used wherever hazards of processes or environment, chemical hazards, radiological hazards, or mechanical irritants are encountered in a manner capable of causing injury or impairment in any part of the body through absorption, inhalation or physical contact.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Laboratory chemicals include:
- carcinogens (cancer-causing)
- toxins (affecting liver, kidney and nervous system)
- irritants
- corrosives
- sensitizers
- agents that act on blood
- damage lungs, skin, eyes, or mucous membranes
Materials which burn or ignite
Flammable
Examples of Flammable chemicals
- Acetonitrile
- Methanol (95% Ethanol)
- Diesel Fuel
- Mineral Spirits
- Acetone
Materials which cause visible destruction and/or irreversible alterations at point of contact
Corrosive
Examples of Corrosive substances
- Acetic Acid
- Photographer Fixer
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Decalcifying agent
Materials which are liable to explore or react violently on contact with air, water, or other chemicals
Reactive
Examples of Reactive chemicals
- Benzoyl Peroxide
- Nitric Acid
- Picric Acid
- Silane
- Sodium Metal
Materials which cause harm if they enter the body, such as carcinogens, mutagens and poisons
Toxic
Examples of Toxic chemicals
- Benzene
- Bromine
- Powdered Inks or Pigments
- Sodium Azide
- Formaldehyde
Materials which cause harm by irritating the eyes and/or skin, cause allergic reactions, drowsiness, lack of coordination and/or organ damage
Irritant
Materials which are toxic and/or cause harm to the environment at large, particularly aquatic animals
Environmental Hazard
Examples of Environmental Hazard chemicals
- Anthrax
- Arsenic
- Asbestos
- Lead
- Mercury
- Oil
5 major elements of Laboratory standard
- Hazard Identification
- Chemical Hygiene Plan
- Information and training
- Exposure monitoring
- Medical consultation and examinations
These are biological agents, and biological toxins.
Biological hazards
These hazards are present in various sources throughout the laboratory such as blood and body fluids, culture specimens, body tissue and cadavers, laboratory animals as well as other workers.
Biological Hazard
This standard is designed to protect workers from health hazards of exposure to blood borne pathogens
OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens (BBP)
BBP includes the following:
- written Exposure Control Plan
- training
- use of Standard Precautions when dealing with blood and OPIM
OPIM stands for?
Other Potentially Infectious Materials
OSHA revised the BBP stands for?
Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act
Revision of OSHA BBP
- Selection of safer needle devices, and involving workers in identifying and choosing these devices
- Maintain a log of injuries from contaminated sharps
OSHA defines blood to mean?
- human blood
- human blood components
- products made from human blood
under OPIM
- Other body fluids
- Any unfixed tissue or organ
- HIV- or HBV-containing cell or tissue cultures
T/F: OPIM includes any unfixed tissue or organ from the dead or living.
True
Risk for repetitive motion injuries
Ergonomic Hazards
Routine procedures that may cause ergonomic hazards
- Pipetting
- Working at microscopes
- Operating microtomes
- Cell counters and keyboarding at computer
- Standing and working in awkward positions in front of laboratory hoods/biological safety
Repetitive motion injuries develop over time and occur when?
- muscles and joints are stressed
- tendons are inflamed
- nerves are pinched
- flow of blood is restricted
This is described as a series of energy waves composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields travelling at the speed of light.
Non-ionizing Radiation
Non-ionizing Radiation includes
- ultraviolet (UV)
- visible light
- infrared (IR)
- microwave (MW)
- radio frequency (RF)
- extremely low frequency (ELF)
OSHA’s hearing conservation program
- use of PPE
- workers are exposed to a TWA of > 85 dBA over an 8 hour work shift (develop monitoring program to assess noise levels)
________ centrifuge rotors can result in injury, or even death.
Unbalanced
Breakage of this can generate aerosols that may be harmful if inhaled
sample container
Majority of all centrifuge accidents are the result of?
user error
Electrical hazards include?
electric shock, electrocutions, fires and explosions
Electrical hazards can result from?
- faulty electrical equipment/instrumentation or wiring
- damaged receptacles and connectors
- unsafe work practices
Most common serious hazard in the laboratory
Fire hazard
This requires that all employers keep all places of employment clean and orderly and in a sanitary condition/
Walking/Working Surfaces standard
This must be worn in instances when gross contamination can reasonably be anticipated.
Surgical caps or hoods, shoe covers or boots
If the floor is not on fire, you must?
Stop, Drop and Roll
