Typical Values Flashcards
What is a typical VC?
4.8L
What is a typical Vt?
0.5L
What is a typical IRV?
3.1L
What is a typical ERV?
1.2L
What is a typical IC?
3.6L
What is a typical FRC?
2.4L
What is a typical RV?
1.2L
What is a typical TLC?
6.0L
Typical airway resistance?
1.2 cm H2O/L/sec
Typical airway conductance? (G-aw)
0.4-1.6
Esophageal balloon placement from nose to tip of the balloon in cm?
50 cm
What is the amount of air added to the balloon of an esophageal balloon?
0.5 ml
Unimportant: Just take a look at them. Don’t worry if you miss these
What is normal…
Static lung compliance?
Coefficient of retraction?
Maximum static recoil pressure?
Static lung compliance 0.2
Coefficient of retraction 4-8
Maximum static recoil pressure 25-35
Typical MIP?
-60 cm H2O
Typical MEP?
80-100
Typical DLCO?
25 mLCO/min/mmHg STPD
What is the CO concentration % for the DLCO-SS? is it invasive? Why?
0.1%-0.2%.
The test is invasive because it requires an ABG.
A-a Gradient:
What is normal?
What range is considered VQ mismatch?
Above what is considered a shunt?
Normal is up to 100
Above 100 is a VQ mismatch
Above 300 is a shunt
What is a normal CaO2? (Arterial oxygen content)
17-20%
What is a normal CvO2? (Mixed venous oxygen content)
14%
“Low teens”. Range is below 15.
What is a normal C(a - v)O2? (Arterial-venous oxygen content difference)
4-5%
What is normal Qt? (Cardiac output)
4-8 L/min
What is normal Qs/Qt? (Shunt equation)
How can you estimate it?
3-5%
*page D-19
To simplify:
Start with 5%. Increase by another 5% for every 100 torr of (A-a) gradient.
For example, start with 5%. If a patient has an A-a of 200, that’s 10%. Add both and the total shunt is 15%.
What is normal Hb (hemoglobin) and Hct (hematocrit)?
Normal Hb is 12-16%
Normal Hct is 3 times the given Hb.
What is normal Vd/Vt? (Deadspace to tidal volume ratio)
20-40%
40 50 60 Rule:
What is the usual difference between PaO2 and SaO2?
The difference between PaO2 and SaO2 is 30.
A PaO2 of 40 will have an SaO2 of 70%
A PaO2 of 50 will have an SaO2 of 80%
A PaO2 of 60 will have an SaO2 of 90%
What is normal PCO2 range?
What is normal PO2 range?
What is normal pH range?
Normal PCO2 range is 35-45
Normal PO2 range is 80-100
Normal pH is 7.35 - 7.45
If a PaO2 is > 140, what does this indicate?
The patient is on supplemental oxygen.
Bonus: it could also be due to a bubble in the sample or a technical error.
What is a normal P50? (not important)
If the value is greater than normal this is a (right/left) shift?
27
Greater than 27 is a right shift. Lower than 27 is a left shift.
What is a normal COHb?
What is a normal COHb for a smoker?
Normal COHb is 0-2%
Normal COHb for a smoker is 5-10%
What is normal PaCO2?
Normal PETCO2?
Normal PETCO2 expressed as a percent?
What is normal PaCO2? 40
Normal PETCO2? 30
Normal PETCO2 expressed as a percent? 3-5%
What is a normal MET? (metabolic equivalent)
1 MET = 3.5 ml O2/min/kg
How many minutes will workload increase using the “Bruce Protocol”?
3 minutes
What is the normal Borg scale? from 1 to ___
What is the modified Borg scale? from 1 to ___
Normal Borg scale is 1-20
Modified Borg scale is 1-10
On a rhythm strip, QRS complexes between ___ and ___ large boxes indicate a normal heart rate (60-100)
3-5 large boxes indicate a normal heart rate, between 60-00 bpm.
What is normal Ve?
How can you calculate maximum Ve using an FEV1?
5-10 L/min
FEV1 x 35 is considered a patient’s maximum Ve for stress testing.
What is normal oxygen consumption (VO2)?
250ml - 4000ml
Note: VO2 is the best indicator of workload performed. For example, a patient with poor fitness is going to have a higher VO2 than a fit patient with the same level of work performed.
What is normal CO2 production (VCO2)?
200ml - 4000ml
Notice it starts a little lower than VO2, but can equal VO2 when workload are high.
What is a normal respiratory exchange ratio (RER)?
0.8 at rest
This value can increase to 1 (you’d stop testing if you hit 1) as workload increases.
To find RER…
VCO2
_____
VO2
What is a normal ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (Ve/VO2)?
20-30 at rest. The value will increase as workload increases.
Ve
___
VO2
What is a normal ventilatory equivalent for CO2 (Ve/VCO2)?
25-35
Just a little higher than ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (Ve/VO2)
What is O2 pulse and what is its normal value?
O2 pulse is the amount of O2 consumed per heartbeat.
Normal is 2.5 - 4.0 ml per hearbeat at rest
A low O2 pulse that does not increase with increasing heart rate indicates cardiac disease.
IMPORTANT: If a patient’s heart rate increases but O2 consumption cannot increase, O2 pulse will fall.
During exercise testing, what is a normal A-a gradient at rest?
10-20 on room air. Less than 100 is normal on 100% fio2.
Cardiac Index is typically ___ of cardiac output
Half.
What is normal systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in dynes?
1600
