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OT 720- Pediatrics > Typical development (0-12 mon.) > Flashcards

Typical development (0-12 mon.) Flashcards

1
Q

Gillian went to her OB/GYN appointment and the doctor stated that she is due any day now and is considered full term which is how many weeks considered?

A

37 weeks

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2
Q

How many weeks is considered full gestation?

A

40 weeks

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3
Q

Dr. Norma has 4 month old baby rebecca suspinded supine position with the head being held in a midline position. She then proceeds to drop the baby back a few inches. What reflex is being examined?

A

Moro reflex (0-4/6 mon.)

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4
Q

Baby amy is falling asleep, as her mother checks on her; she states that she has regular aspirations and limited movements. What state of arousal is baby amy in?

A

Quiet sleep

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5
Q

Which milestone for eating and feeding
would you NOT see in 3-6 months?
a. Eating some rice cereal or other puree
b. Minimal tongue lateralization
c. Brings finger food to mouth
d. Mashed table foods

A

D.

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6
Q

Select the correct developmental order of
fine motor grasp
a. Palmar → radial palmar → inferior pincer → superior pincer
b. b. Superior pincer → inferior pincer → radial palmar → palmar
c. c. Radial palmar → palmar → superior pincer → inferior pincer
d. d. Palmar → radial palmar → superior pincer → inferior pincer

A

A

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7
Q

Which feeding milestone is typically achieved
first?
a. Drinking from a sippy cup
b. Self-feeding with a bottle or fingers
c. Using a spoon
d. Diagonal munching

A

B

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8
Q

Which of the following feeding skills typically
does not develop until 12 months?
a. Rotary chewing
b. Tongue lateralization
c. True sucking
d. Prominent automatic phasic pattern

A

A.

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9
Q

Around what age (in months) do infants begin to
look at themselves in the mirror, copy some facial
expressions and movements, and differentiate
colors?”
a. 11-12 months
b. 3-4 months
c. 7-8 months
d. 0-1 month

A

B.

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10
Q

Which reflex is caused by a sharp, painful stimulus to the sole of the foot causing a
flexion response and withdrawal of stimulated
lower extremity?
a. Babinski’s
b. Babkin
c. Withdrawal
d. Startle

A

C. Withdrawal

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11
Q

When does the suckling reflex integrate?
a. 4 months
b. 6 months
c. 8 months
d. It does not integrate

A

A. 4 months

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12
Q

When infant is in a quadruped position and their
head head/neck is passively extended and the
arms extend, what reflex is presenting itself?
a. TLR
b. ATNR
c. STNR
d. Landau

A

C. STNR

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13
Q

Which type of play begins at birth and
evolves into functional play?
a. Exploratory
b. Parallel
c. Social
d. Imitative

A

A. Exploratory

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14
Q

When does stranger anxiety typically emerge?
a. Before 3 months
b. 4-5 months
c. 7-8 months
d. Not until 12 months or later

A

B. 4-5 months

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15
Q

What response would you expect to see
when testing for the Moro reflex?
a. chained series of rapid flexor movements that cascade throughout
the body?
b. flexion or extension of big toe
c. baby turns its head towards the direction of the stimulus and opens
its mouth
d. abduction of upper limbs at shoulders and extension of forearms at
elbows, extension of spine and retraction of head, semi-flexed
fingers and thumbs (c-shaped)

A

D

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16
Q

Which of the color combinations would be best for a 0- 3 month old to visually track?
a. Green and gold
b. Crimson and white
c. Orange and blue
d. Black and white

A

D. Black and white

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17
Q

Why can infants feed in a reclined position?
a. Because their oral cavity is smaller and they have fat pads
b. Because the pharynx is not elongated and there is less risk of
aspiration
c. Infants feeding in a reclined position is not possible
d. Because the larynx is more ascended and there is more space
between structures

A

B.

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18
Q

Baby noah is 4 months old, how many naps does he need at his age?

A

4-3 naps

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19
Q

Ginger is 12 months and loves to play with the colorful ring stack, she uses this toy purposefully. What type of play is she exhibiting?
A. Exploratory
B.Social play
C. Functional Play

A

C. Functional Play

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20
Q

Baby cole is going to sleep he is at the stage where he has rapid eye movements, irregular respirations, and large muscle paralysis. What state of arousal is he in?

A

Active sleep

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21
Q

Abby is breastfed with a suckling pattern (the tongue moves back and forth). She can self soothe, track sounds and objects. How many months is she?
a. 0-2 mon
b. 0-3 mon
c. 3-4 mon
d. 7-9 mon

A

B.0-3 mon.

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22
Q

Noel loves to play peek-a-boo, she responds when you call her name and understands “no”. how old is she?
a. 6-12 mon.
b. 10-12mon.
c. 7-8 mon.
d. 3-6 mon.

A

A. 6-12 mon.

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23
Q

Calebs mother was changing his diaper on the bed and his mother stated that he rolled from his back to his side. How old is caleb?
a. 0-2 mon.
b. 7-9 mon.
c. 3-4 mon.
d. 4-6 mon.

supine to sidelying

A

C. 3-4 months

Baby can roll in all directions by 6 months

24
Q

Callie is 2 months old which of the following is NOT seen at her age?
a. reflexive palmar grasp; hands mostly fisted
b. From sidelying to supine by turning head
c. Acts bored if activity does not change
d. explores toys with fingers and mouth.

A

D. explores toys with fingers and mouth

25
Q

At this age babies prefer contrast, track sounds and objects. What age exibits these cognitive functions?
a. 0-2 mon.
b. 0-3 mon.
c. 7-9 mon.
d. 3-6 mon.

A

B. 0-3 mon

26
Q

Megan is drinking her bottle with less spillage, her mom has started allowing her to drink from a small cup. She loves to eat mashed potatoes and mashed banana. She tries to hold the bottle and bring the mashed banana to her mouth. How old is she?
a. 4-5 months
b. 6 months
c. 7 months
d. 3-4 months

A

B. 6 months

27
Q

Willow loves to hold and shake her rattle in midline. She is albe to sit in her bumbo with supervision. How old is she?
a. 2 months
b. 3-6 months
c. 6-8 months
d. 7 months

A

b. 3-6 months

28
Q

Kiaser loves to babble and make different noises when his mom is talking to him. He can recognize different words like “more” and “all done” when he eats his food. Lastly, he loves to play with his barn game, as it makes noises he likes to imitate the sounds. How old is kaiser?
a. 10-12 months
b. 6-12months
c. 7-9 months
d.9-11 months

A

C. 7-9 months

29
Q

Emily is learning to pull-to-stand and cruise around furniture. Sometimes her dad will hold her hands and walk with her between his legs. How old is she?
a. 9-12 months
b.12-14 months
c.7-8 months
d. 3-6 months

A

A. 9-12 months (pull to stand, cruising, walks with hands held)

30
Q

Louis likes to sit in his cruiser and bounce. How old is he?
a. 9-12 months
b. 10-12 months
c.7-9 months
d. 0-6 months

A

D. 0-6 months (plays/bounces when in supported standing)

31
Q

At what age do babies begin to transfer objects between hands?
a. 6-8 months
b. 8-10 months
c. 0-2 months
d. 10-12 months

A

A. 6-8 months

32
Q

What grasp should start to emerge around 6
months?
a. Inferior pincer grasp
b. Radial palmar grasp
c. Palmar grasp
d. Radial digital grasp

A

B. Radial palmar grasp

33
Q

Quinn is 9 months and she is napping less. How many naps should she be getting at this age?
a. 4 naps
b. 3-2 naps
c. 3 naps
d. 2 naps

A

D. 2 naps

34
Q

Nicholas is 3 months old he plays with his parents. He smiles at his little brother and sees him playing with his cars. This type of play evolves into parallel play, associative play, to dramtic play. What type of play is taking place?
A. functional play
B. Social play
C. Exploratory Play

A

B. Social play

35
Q

Baby Kenzie is falling asleep she has a sustained gaze, limited movements, and maximal alertness. Which state of arousal is taking place?
a. quiet sleep
b. drowsy
c. quiet alert
d. active alert

A

C. quiet alert

36
Q

Jazmines mom states that she “fights her sleep” she says that she falls asleep and wakes up. She is in between transitional stages of sleep. What state of arousal is she exhibiting?
a. Quiet sleep
b. Drowsy
c.Quiet alert
d. Active alert

A

B. Drowsy

37
Q

When the sole of the foot is pressed, infant tries to walk. Best tested by holding the infant upright, slighty leaning the infant forward. Usually seen around 0-4 months.
a. Walking/ stepping
b. Withdrawal
c. Plantar grasp

A

A. walking/stepping

38
Q

Austin is sitting and tipped forwrd, both his arms will moveto the front to stop forward tipping. What reflex is being exhibited and how old is he?
a.protective extension/6-8 months
b.Posterior extension/ 9-12 months
c. Lateral extension/6-8 months
d. Protective extension/4-6 months

A

D. Protective extension/4-6 months

39
Q

Casper is suspended in prone by the examiners hand. The head and lower limbs extend. When the examiner facilitates the head into flexion the legs flex. Once the head is released, the ead and legs return to extension. What reflex is being exhibited and how old is he?
a. Parachute response/4-5 months
b.Parachute response/8-9 months
c. Landau response/ 4-5 months
d.Landua response/8-9 months

A

C. Landau response/4-5 months

40
Q

Kelsie is 3 months, the doctor wanted to test her reflex. The doctor held her in space held in and with her head tilted to the side. Her head will want to be in aligment with the body. What reflex is being tested?
a. Labyrinthe righting
b. Tonic Labyrinthine reflex (TLR)
c. Optical righting response
d. Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

A

C. Optical Righting response

41
Q

Amy is learning to sit up on her own. She sits with her arms extended to prevent her from tipping sideways when tilted to the side. Which protective extension is being exhibited and how old is she?
a. Posterior protective extensions/ 9-12 months
b. Lateral protective extension/6-8 months
c. Posterior protective extensions/6-8 months
d. Lateral protective extensions/9-12 months

A

B. Lateral protective extension/6-8 months

42
Q

Collin is 10 months old. When tilted backwards and both of his arms will extend at the shoulder and elbow to prevent falling backwards. What protective extension is he exhibiting?
a.Protective extension/6-8 months
b.Posterior extension/ 9-12 months
c. Lateral extension/6-8 months
d. Protective extension/4-6 months

hint:It is the last protective extension to emerge at 9-12 months of age

A

B. Posterior extension/9-12 months

43
Q

This response is tested similar to the optical righting response only vision is occluded. The head will right to be in alignmenr with the body. Present from 3 months on. What reflex is being tested?
a. Labyrinthe righting
b. Tonic Labyrinthine reflex (TLR)
c. Optical righting response
d. Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

A

A. Labyrinthine righting

44
Q

This reflex is exhibited by holding the child in the aire prone and tilting the head and upper limbs toward a surface. Usually not fully developed until 8 or 9 months of age. What reflex is this?
a. Parachute response
b. Startle response
c. Landau response
d. Tonic Labyrinthe Reflex (TLR)

A

A. Parachute Response

45
Q

Deep pressure applied simultaneously to the palms of both hands while in supine. Response is flexion of the head, opening mouth, closing of the eyes. What reflex is this and when is it seen?
a. Babinski (0 to 9-10 months)
b. Babkin (0-4 months)
c. Plantar grasp (0-12 months)
d.Withdrawal (Birth through life)

A

B. Babkin (0-4 Months)

46
Q

To elicit this reflex, the examiner inserts his or her index finger into the palm of the infants hand (ulnar side) and applies light pressure to the palm. Infant is lying supine on a flat surface. Respone is: finger closure and clinging.
a. Babkin/ 0-4 months
b. Plantar grasp/ birth to 12 months
c. Palmar grasp/ 0 to 3-6 months
d. Galant/0-9 months

A

C. Palmar grasp/ 0 to 3-6 months

47
Q

With the examiners hands behind the chest and the other supporting the head. The babies head is held in a midline position nd dropped back a few inches. the babies arms supinated and the digits extended, except for the semiflexed index fingers and thumbs, forming a C shape. What reflex is being elicited and when is it seen?
a. 0 to adulthood
b. Birth through life
c. Present at birth until 4 to 6 months
d. Birth to 12 months

A

C. Present at birth until 4 to 6 months

48
Q

Candace is getting a reflex on her foot tested. it consists of a firm painful stroke along the lateral border of the sole of the foot from heel to toe. What reflex is tested and what age is this usually seen?
a. Babinski (0 to 9-10 months)
b. Babkin (0-4 months)
c. Plantar grasp (0-12 months)
d.Withdrawal (Birth through life)

A

A. Babinski (0 to 9 or 10 months)

49
Q

At what age is the startle response seen? Composed of a chained series of raped flexor movements that cascade throughout the body.
a. 0-adulthood
b.0-4 months
c.0 to 3-6 months
d.0-12 months

A

A. 0-adulthood

50
Q

At what age is the Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) seen? Consists of extension of the upper and lower extremeties on the side to which the face is turned. Flexion of upper and lower extremeties on the side to which the skull is turned.
a.Present at birth until 4-6 months
b. 0-4 months
c.Present through 3 months of age
d.Birth through life

A

C. Present through 3 months of age

51
Q

True or false: Plantar grasp is elicited by pressing thumb against sole of the foot just behind toes. Usually seen birth to 12 months.

A

True

52
Q

True or False: In the rooting reflex the corner of the babies mouth is stroked or touched. The baby will turn their head and open their mouth to follow the direction of the stroke. Present at birth to 4-6 months

A

True

53
Q

Emma is 6 months, the doctor wants to test ____ reflex by placing baby vetril suspension, then stroking the skin on one side of the back. Babies trunk should and hips should swing towards the side of the stimulus. Usually seen 0-9 months
a. Moro reflex
b. Galant reflex
c. startle response
d. Tonic Labyrinthine reflex (TNR)

A

Galant Reflex

54
Q

Tonic labyrinthine reflex (TNR) tested by placing baby in suspended prone and observing infant flex neck and limbs. In suspended supine, observing baby extend the neck and limbs. At what age is this reflex usually seen?
a.TLR backwards (extension): birth to 3 years & TLR forwards (flexion): birth to 4 months
b. TLR backwards (extension): birth to 4 months & TLR forwards (flexion): birth to 3 years
c.TLR backwards (extension): birth to 5 years & TLR forwards (flexion): birth to 6 months
d.TLR backwards (extension): birth to 12 months & TLR forwards (flexion): birth to 5 years

A

A.TLR backwards (extension): birth to 3 years & TLR forwards (flexion): birth to 4 months

55
Q

True or False: When infant is suckling the tongue immediately moves up and down movements. This allows infants to extract liquid from a breast or bottle.

A

False: the suckling pattern is front to back movement of the tongue and is seen from (0-4 months)

56
Q

True or false: Sucking involves up and down movement. By 4 months true suck is established.

A

True

OT 720- Pediatrics (11 decks)

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